Combustion processes in diesel engines

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Abstract

Diesel combustion, which is in principle unsteady turbulent diffusion combustion, is fundamentally controlled by the mixing process of fuel with air in the combustion chamber. This article summarizes first recent studies on fuel spray and air motion characteristics, including modern diagnostics techniques and multidimensional numerical calculation, which give valuable insight into the complex phenomena regarding fluid dynamics. Next, studies on combustion process and flame structure are reviewed and from which it can be discerned that the combustion research focuses primarily on the mixing process and the formation of pollutants inside the combustion chamber. A survey is also made of the potentials of multidimensional calculation in predicting performance and emission characteristics. Lastly recent trends of performance relevant to combustion and emissions as well as combustion with alternative fuels are described briefly.

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