The transition from mild to severe wear in alumina during sliding

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Abstract

The occurrence of a wear transition in alumina during sliding has been investigated experimentally. The results show that a transition from initially mild wear to severe wear occurs abruptly, but only after a defined period of initial wear. The time required for this transition increases with decreasing grain size and decreasing applied load. Examination of wear samples revealed that, during the initial stage, surface material is removed by a plastic grooving process and is accompanied by the accumulation of subsurface dislocations arrays and twins. With continued sliding, internal stresses associated with this accumulating damage eventually results in grain boundary cracking and grain pull-out, which leads to the onset of fracture dominated, severe wear.

Résumé

On étudie expérimentalement l'apparition d'une transition d'usure dans l'alumine pendant le glissement. Les résultats montrent qu'une transition d'une usure initialement faible à une usure importante se produit d'une manière abrupte, mais seulement après une durée déterminée de l'usure initiale. Le temps nécessaire pour cette transition augmente lorsque la taille du grain et la charge appliquée décroissent. L'examen des échantillons d'usure révèle que, pendant le stade initial, le matériau superficiel est enlevé par un mécanisme de rainurage plastique qui s'accompagne d'une accumulation d'arrangements de dislocations sous-superficielles et de macles. Lorsque le glissement se poursuit, les contraintes internes associées à ce dégât cumulatif produisent, dans les joints de grains, des fissures et un arrachage des grains, ce qui conduit à l'établissement d'une forte usure contrôlée par la rupture.

Zusammenfassung

Das Auftreten eines Übergangs im Verschleißverhalten von Aluminiumoxid während Gleitbeanspruchung wird experimentell untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß der Übergang vom schwachen zu hohem Verschleiß abrupt auftritt, jedoch nur nach einer definierten Periode anfänglichen Verschleisses. Die für diesen Übergang benötigte Zeit nimmt zu mit abnehmender Korngröße und abnehmender äußerer Spannung. Die Untersuchung verschlissener Proben zeigt, daß während des Anfangsstadiums Oberflächenmaterial durch den plastischen Riefenprozeß beseitigt wird, welches durch die Ansammlung von Versetzungen und Zwillingen unterhalb der Oberfläche begleitet ist. Mit weitergehender Gleitbeanspruchung führen innere Spannungen, die mit dieser angesammelten Schädigung einhergehen, zu Korngrenzreißen und Korn-Ausziehen, welches wiederum zum Beginn des Bruchdominierten hohen Verschleisses führt.

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