9 - Open-loop heat pump and thermal energy storage systems

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Abstract

This chapter describes the application of open-loop wells to ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs) and to seasonal thermal storage for heating and cooling systems. The application of groundwater wells requires detailed knowledge of the aquifer1 characteristics. The introduction describes the methods used to obtain these characteristics and the numerical tools available to model the behaviour of the warm and cold groundwater in the aquifer.

The importance of properly integrating the open-loop heat pump and thermal energy storage system into a building's heating and cooling system in order to achieve a good overall energy efficiency is illustrated.

To guarantee trouble-free operation of the groundwater loop of an open-loop system for many years, criteria are given for the design of the wells and the well field, as well as for preventive maintenance.

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1

An aquifer is a subsurface geologic feature that is capable to yield large quantities of water (eg, a layer of sand, gravel, sandstone or fractured rock).

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