Electrochemical regeneration of redox enzymes for continuous use in preparative processes

The use of oxidoreductases for preparative purposes must be accompanied by an efficient process for the regeneration of the enzyme following the reaction process. Electrodes have been exploited as a source of this oxidative or reductive energy for a large number of redox enzymes. Although direct interaction between electrodes and enzymes is rare, oxidoreductases can interact readily with electrode surfaces via an appropriate intermediate (or mediator). Various methods for the preparative application of redox enzymes using electrochemical regeneration have been proposed; these vary in their capacity to meet the demands posed on a preparative process.