Research paperTopographic organization of projections from the amygdala to the visual cortex in the macaque monkey
Section snippets
Abbreviations used in the figures
- AB
accessory basal nucleus
- ABmc
magnocellular division
- ABpc
parvicellular division
- AHA
amygdalohippocampal area
- AAA
anterior amygdaloid area
- COa
anterior cortical nucleus
- B
basal nucleus
- Bmc
magnocellular division
- Bi
intermediate division
- Bpc
parvicellular division
- CE
central nucleus
- Hip
hippocampus
- I
intercalated nuclei
- L
lateral nucleus
- M
medial nucleus
- NLOT
nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract
- PL
paralaminar nucleus
- PAC
periamygdaloid cortex
- PIR
piriform cortex
- COp
posterior cortical nucleus
Experimental procedures
All experimental procedures were carried out under an approved University of California-Davis Institutional Animal Care and Use protocol and strictly adhered to the National Institutes of Health guidelines on the use of non-human primate subjects. All efforts were made to minimize animal suffering and to reduce the number of animals used.
Amygdaloid complex
The nuclear subdivisions of the amygdaloid complex follow Price et al. (1987) as slightly modified by Amaral and Bassett (1989) and Pitkänen and Amaral (1998). Briefly, the “deep” nuclei consist of the lateral, basal, accessory basal, and paralaminar nuclei. The lateral nucleus is comprised of dorsal, dorsal intermediate, ventral intermediate, and ventral subdivisions. The cytoarchitectonic features that provide the basis for these subdivisions were described in detail in Pitkänen and Amaral
Discussion
These studies have confirmed that the primate amygdala projects to all rostrocaudal levels of the “ventral stream” visual cortex. Figs. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 provide an atlas of those regions of the basal, lateral and accessory basal nuclei that project to ventral temporal and occipital cortices. The major findings are summarized in Fig. 9. First, the projection is rostrocaudally organized; caudal levels of the magnocellular division of the basal nucleus project to
Acknowledgements
This work was supported in part by NIMH grants MH41479 (D.G.A.) and MH12876-02 (J.L.K.) and was conducted, in part, at the California National Primate Research Center (RR 00169). We thank Dr. Frederick Nahm for help with the analysis of the cases.
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