Phase transition of lithiated-spinel Li2Mn2O4 at high temperature

doi:10.1016/S1003-6326(06)60075-7

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China

Volume 16, Issue 2, April 2006, Pages 438-444

https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(06)60075-7 Get rights and content

Abstract

The phase transition of Li₂Mn₂O₄ spinel at high temperature was investigated by XRD, TG/DTA, average oxidation state of Mn and cyclic voltammeric techniques. The results reveal that the Li₂Mn₂O₄ spinel is unstable. At high temperature, it is easy to transform into [Li_2−2x]_tet[Mn_2−xLi_x]_octO₄, which accompanies the formation of Li₂MnO₃ impurities. The phase transition is associated with the transfer of Li⁺ from tetrahedral 8a sites to octahedral 16d sites. With the increasing sintering temperature from 450 °C to 850 °C, the phase structure varies from lithiated-spinel Li₂Mn₂O₄ to Li₄Mn₅O₁₂-like to LiMn₂O₄-like and finally to rock-salt LiMnO₂-like. In addition, a way of determining x with average oxidation state of Mn and the content of Li₂MnO₃ was also demonstrated.

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: Foundation item: Project(20406024) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(76600) supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University, China

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Phase transition of lithiated-spinel Li2Mn2O4 at high temperature

Abstract

Solid State Ionics

J Power Sources

Mat Res Bull

J Solid State Chem

J Solid State Chem

Mater Res Bull

Mater Sci Eng B

J Power Sources

J Solid State Chem

Mater Res Bull

Phase transition of lithiated-spinel Li₂Mn₂O₄ at high temperature