An electrochemical sensor based on cellulose nanocrystal for the enantioselective discrimination of chiral amino acids
Section snippets
Chemicals and apparatus
All chemicals were of analytical grade and used without further purification. Microcrystalline cellulose, d- and l-Phe, d- and l-Leu, d- and l-Val, K3[Fe(CN)6], and K4[Fe(CN)6] were purchased from Sinoreagent. N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC), and sodium bromide were purchased from J&K Chemical. H2SO4 was purchased from CdKelong. l-Cys was purchased from Shanghai Kangda Amino Acids. All aqueous solution was freshly prepared using deionized water.
Characterization of prepared CNC and TOCNC
SEM images of CNCs and TOCNCs are shown in Fig. 1A and B. CNCs and TOCNCs self-assembled to be an ordered helical structure, which was called chiral nematic and was a notable feature of cellulose [25]. Compared with CNCs, TOCNCs remained the structure of CNCs and expressed a tighter and neater arrangement. Fig. 1C shows FT-IR spectroscopy of CNCs and TOCNCs. The absorption bands at 3350 and 2900 cm−1 were assigned to OH stretching vibration and CH stretching vibration, respectively. The peaks
Conclusion
In this study, TOCNC/l-Cys/Au electrodes have been fabricated for detection and discrimination of Phe, Leu, and Val enantiomers, which are biomarkers of certain metabolic diseases. The modified electrodes realized the determination of a single enantiomer and chiral recognition of enantiomers, and both of them obtained good results. The recognition mechanism is that TOCNCs showed a stronger adsorption to d-amino acids than to l-amino acids, creating a clear difference in peak current between l-
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21405161, 21405162, 21575115, 21327005, and 21175108); the Program for Chang Jiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team, Ministry of Education, China (IRT1283).
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