Synthesis and electrochemical performances of MnxCoyNizCO3 as novel anode material

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.01.198

Ceramics International

Volume 42, Issue 6, 1 May 2016, Pages 7888-7894

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.01.198 Get rights and content

Abstract

Hydrothermal method was used to synthesize Mn_xCo_yNi_zCO₃ with morphology of microspheres. When the reactants MnSO₄·H₂O, CoSO₄·7H₂O and NiSO₄·6H₂O were in the molar ratio of 0.54:0.13:0.26, the product was Mn_0.756Co_0.133Ni_0.111CO₃, demonstrating the best electrochemical performances among all the prepared samples. The reversible discharge capacity of Mn_0.756Co_0.133Ni_0.111CO₃ maintained at 754 mA h g⁻¹ after 200 cycles at the current density of 100 mA g⁻¹ in the voltage range of 0.01–3 V. The ternary manganese–nickel–cobalt carbonates with suitable composition could be used as novel anode material for lithium-ion battery application.

Introduction

Possessing high energy density of lithium storage via a conversion reaction, transition metal carbonates have been proved as high-capacity anode materials for lithium-ion batteries [1]. It is well known that Mn owns perfect cycle life and safety, Ni offers high lithium storage capacity, Co possesses enhanced electronic conductivity [2]. Therefore, theoretically speaking, taking advantages of Mn, Co, and Ni elements, Mn_xCo_yNi_zCO₃ (x+y+z=1) should have ideal electrochemical performances. The specific electrochemical performances of Mn_xCo_yNi_zCO₃ strongly depend on the morphology, crystallinity and composition of metal elements (Mn, Co, Ni) of the sample [3].

In this work, the hydrothermal method was used to synthesize Mn_xCo_yNi_zCO₃ samples. The main purpose was to explore the optimal ratio of reactants for ideal electrochemical performances. The influence of crystallinity and morphology on electrochemical performances was also studied. The Mn_xCo_yNi_zCO₃ synthesized in our work behaved better electrochemical performances than those reported in other related works [4], [5], [6], [7].

Section snippets

Synthesis of the samples

All of the chemicals were of analytical grade, and they were used without further purification. MnSO₄·H₂O, CoSO₄·7H₂O, NiSO₄·6H₂O and suitable amount of urea were dissolved in distilled water. After magnetic stirring for 30 min, the solution was transferred into a 50 mL Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and maintained at 180 °C for 24 h. After air cooling to room temperature, the product was filtered and dried in vacuum at 100 °C for 24 h. We conducted four contrastive experiments here, the

Structure and morphology characterization

The XRD patterns of the samples are shown in Fig. 1. From the XRD patterns, we can see that all of the four samples take rhodochrosite MnCO₃ as their main structure. The 2θ values of the diffraction peaks for the samples are in full accord with the standard rhodochrosite MnCO₃ (JCPDS Card no. 83-1763). For the samples, the relative intensities of the main diffraction peaks appearing at about 24.5°, 31.7°, 37.8°, 41.8°, 45.5°, and 52.1° (2θ), corresponding to the lattice planes (0 1 2), (1 0 4),

Conclusion

Using the hydrothermal method, Mn_xCo_yNi_zCO₃ samples with different reactants ratios were synthesized successfully. All of the prepared samples took rhodochrosite MnCO₃ as their main structure, possessing morphology of microspheres. When the mole ratio of reactants MnSO₄·H₂O, CoSO₄·7H₂O and NiSO₄·6H₂O was 0.54:0.13:0.26, the product was Mn_0.756Co_0.133Ni_0.111CO₃, owning the best morphology, crystallinity and electrochemical performances among all the prepared samples. The reversible discharge

Acknowledgments

Financial support provided by a National Natural Science Grant of China (No. 21476063) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Tania Silver at the University of Wollongong for critical reading of the manuscript.

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Short communicationSynthesis and electrochemical performances of MnxCoyNizCO3 as novel anode material

Abstract

Introduction

Section snippets

Synthesis of the samples

Structure and morphology characterization

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

Electrochem. Commun.

J. Power Sources

Electrochim. Acta

J. Power Sources

Mater. Lett.

Nano Energy

Solid State Sci.

Short communication
Synthesis and electrochemical performances of Mn_xCo_yNi_zCO₃ as novel anode material