OR 2020 workshop report: Operating room of the future

doi:10.1016/j.ics.2005.03.279

International Congress Series

Volume 1281, May 2005, Pages 832-838

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ics.2005.03.279 Get rights and content

Abstract

Planning for an effective and vital Operating Room of the Future (ORF) is necessary for ensuring improved and safer surgical practice in the coming decades. A workshop was held in March 2004 that drew together 100 clinicians, engineers, and scientists to identify needed clinical and technical requirements for the improved ORF. Six working groups assessed specific needs in these areas: operational efficiency and workflow; systems integration and technical standards; telecollaboration; surgical robotics; intraoperative diagnosis and imaging; and surgical informatics. This paper will provide an introduction to the ORF workshop, a summary of the working groups' assessments; a compilation of 5 broad areas of technology requirements; and a review of 5 conclusions/priorities attained by the working groups, including the need for standards in all areas of the operation of an effective ORF, the pressing need for interoperability of devices to ensure improved care and throughput, and the development of advanced, surgery-specific imaging and display.

Introduction

The modern operating room (OR) requires an increasing number of new surgical instruments, monitoring and imaging devices, information systems, and communication networks. While these individual technologies are improving, attention must also be paid to integrating all of these resources so as to improve the quality and efficiency of surgical procedures. The OR 2020 workshop was organized by the Imaging Science and Information Systems (ISIS) Center, Department of Radiology, of the Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC; the Innovative Surgery Committee at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC; and the Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center (TATRC) at Fort Detrick, Maryland. The purpose of the workshop was to identify the clinical and technical requirements for integrating advanced computer-assisted and robotic technologies into the next generation operating rooms and interventional suites. The Workshop built on previous symposia, including the Operating Room of the Future (ORF) workshop sponsored by the Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center (TATRC) in 2002. Some representative pictures from the report are shown in Fig. 1A and B.

Approximately 100 participants, including physicians, engineers, and life scientists, met for 2 days in March 2004. The Workshop consisted of several plenary sessions, a keynote speaker, and two extended breakout sessions which were divided by Working Groups. The six Working Groups represented key areas of research and development:

1.
Operational Efficiency and Workflow
2.
Systems Integration and Technical Standards
3.
Telecollaboration
4.
Surgical Robotics
5.
Intraoperative Diagnosis and Imaging
6.
Surgical Informatics.

Section snippets

Working group 1: Operational efficiency and workflow

Improvements in operational efficiency and workflow in today's operating room (OR) will significantly impact progress in the Operating Room of the Future (ORF). There is a particular need to adapt today's advanced technologies to meet specific surgical needs. Among these tasks is adapting technologies such as smart tracking for patient records, and radiofrequency identification devices (RFIDs) for locating information about patients and equipment. Doing so successfully is necessary to attain

Technology requirements

The Working Groups identified five broad areas of technology requirements:

1.
Standards for devices and their use in the operating room (OR) are sorely needed. Every aspect of OR activity today is affected by their absence. The OR team of the future must also be interdisciplinary, a theme noted by other related initiatives, including the NIH Roadmap and its Research Teams of the Future theme.
2.
Interoperability of devices is essential for improved care and throughput. Currently, most devices and

Conclusions

The OR 2020 workshop report includes the following conclusions, based on the technology requirements identified by the Working Groups:

1.
Standards, standards, standards. Standards are needed in all areas, and must be developed through a concerted effort involving companies, government agencies, academic institutions, and perhaps standards organizations. Research studies of surgical workflow and efficiencies are required to develop practice standardization and thus realize improvements.
2.
Progress on

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant BES- 0341892, the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering at the National Institutes of Health under grant 1 R13 EB003410-01, and the U.S. Army under contract W81XWH-04-1-0383. The content of this manuscript does not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the U.S. Government. Corporate supporters included GE Medical Systems, Karl Storz Endoscopy, MedStar Health/Georgetown University Hospital,

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