LetterIn situ synthesis of TiC reinforced metal matrix composite (MMC) coating by self propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS)
Introduction
Ceramic particulate reinforced metal matrix composites coatings have attracted wide interest in recent years because of their unique comprehensive properties. Therefore, several techniques have been applied to fabricate MMC coating, including plasma spraying, laser cladding, arc welding and so on. Yuan et al. prepared WC-Co-based coatings containing solid lubricant Cu and MoS2 on mild steel substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying [1]. Zhou and Zeng obtained WC-reinforced Fe matrix composite coatings by laser induction hybrid rapid cladding [2]. Buytoz obtained SiC reinforced MMC surface on AISI 304 stainless steel by TIG surface alloying [3]. In addition, Wu et al. produced Al/WC composite coatings in Al–12.6Si alloy by high energy milling [4]. However, several techniques were put forward to prepare MMC coatings, but it required complex preparation process and expensive equipment.
As an alternative approach, SHS has been recently reported to prepare ceramic particulate reinforced MMCs [5], [6], [7], [8], [9]. The SHS method does not need complex equipment and shows the advantage of low energy consumption, high time efficiency, and good interfacial bonding. The fabrication of MMC coatings by SHS, however, has rarely been reported. In this work, TiC reinforced Cu/Ni based MMC coating was in situ synthesized via SHS on a steel substrate. Both the microstructure of the MMC coating and the bonding state at the interface were examined.
Section snippets
Materials
Two types of starting powders were prepared. The first one (type-I) was prepared by mixing commercial powders of Cu, Ti, and C, in order to produce a composite of (60 wt.% Cu + 40 wt.% TiC). The second one (type-II) was prepared by mixing powders of CuO, NiO, Al, Si, and B2O3, in order to produce a Cu/Ni alloy with the composition of 85 wt.% Cu + 15 wt.% Ni (using the following reactions of Eqs. (1), (2), (3)). Here, B2O3 was added as a slagging agent to facilitate the separation between alumina and
Results and discussion
The XRD pattern of the as-prepared coating is shown in Fig. 2, which the diffraction peaks of Cu–Ni solid solution and TiC were found. The SEM micrograph of the coating is shown in Fig. 3. No pores or cracks were observed in the coating and interface. Fig. 3(b) shows a typical BSE image of the coating, where fine TiC particles (dark) were uniformly distributed in the metallic matrix (bright). EDS analysis also confirmed that the fine particles were TiC. The TiC particles showed a columnar
Conclusions
A novel method to prepare MMC coatings via SHS was developed. The main aim was to obtain ceramic particulate reinforced metal matrix composites coatings employing a simple and energy-saving process.
An in situ synthesized TiC reinforced Cu/Ni based MMC coating was successfully produced on a steel substrate via this process. Fine (less than 10 μm) columnar morphology TiC particles were uniformly distributed in the metal matrix and no pores or micro-cracks were found in the coating. A strong
Acknowledgement
This work is supported by National Programs for High Technology Research and Development of China (Grant No. 2009AA03Z211).
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