Process engineering studies to investigate the effect of temperature and pH on kinetic parameters of alkaline protease production

doi:10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.08.003

Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering

Volume 115, Issue 1, January 2013, Pages 86-89

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.08.003 Get rights and content

An in depth process engineering study on the effect of temperature and pH on kinetic parameters of alkaline protease production by Bacillus licheniformis NCIM-2042 using starch as substrate has been reported.

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Mathematical modeling to investigate temperature effect on kinetic parameters of ethanol fermentation
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Optimization of alkaline protease activity from Bacillus subtilis 2724 by response surface methodology (RSM)
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Production, characterization and applications of proteases produced by Bacillus licheniformis, Acinetobacter pittii and Aspergillus niger using neem seed oil cake as the substrate
2022, Industrial Crops and Products
Alkaline proteases suitable for industrial applications were produced using two bacterial and one fungal strain with de-oiled neem seed cake as the substrate. Neem oil cakes contain proteins and carbohydrates and are renewable and sustainable sources available in large quantities at low cost. In this study, ability of Bacillus licheniformis, Acinetobacter pittii and Aspergillus niger to produce proteases at different culture conditions were studied. Culture conditions such as pH, temperature, incubation time were optimized to obtain highest yield possible. Further, various carbon and nitrogen sources were added as supplements to the cake and the changes in the enzyme production was determined. De-oiled neem seed cake showed potential for production of proteases with yield as high as 11–12 U/ml by both Bacillus licheniformis and Acinetobacter pittii without any additional inducers and basal media (nutrient broth). Addition to sucrose and fructose lead to substantial increase (up to 57 %) in enzyme activity for all the three microorganisms. Similarly, yeast and urea were more favourable to increase enzyme yield of up to 355 %. The enzymes were able to clot milk and precipitate casein and could be used in the food industry. Similarly, the enzymes obtained were able to remove the blood stains on clothes suggesting suitability for laundry applications. Additionally, the crude enzyme was able to hydrolyse the gelatine layer from used x-ray films enabling recycling and reuse.
Biodegradation of 4-chlorophenol in batch and continuous packed bed reactor by isolated Bacillus subtilis
2022, Journal of Environmental Management
Citation Excerpt :
The value of Yx/s is generally different for different microorganisms as it is considered as intrinsic parameter of a microorganism. Additionally, concentration of substrate, its type and several other environmental parameters are also significant for the yield (Bhunia et al., 2013). It is reported that the degradation of 4-CP is also possible by the extracellular enzymes released by the microorganism.
In present work, biodegradation of 4-Chlorophenol (4-CP) has been successfully achieved using bacteria i.e. Bacillus subtilis (MF447841.1), which was isolated from the wastewater of a nearby drain of Hyundai Motor Company service centre, Agartala, Tripura (India). Geonomic identification was carried out by 16 S rDNA technique and phylogenetic processes. Both, batch and column mode of experiments were performed to optimize various parameters (initial concentration, contact time, dosages etc.) involved in the significant biodegradation of 4-CP. Based on R² value (0.9789), the Levenspiel's model was found to be best fit than others. The kinetic parameters; specific growth rate (μ), yield of cell mass (Y_X/S), and saturation constant (KS), were obtained as 0.6383 (h⁻¹), 0.35 (g/g), and 0.006884 (g/L), respectively. The isolated strain has shown the ability of degrading 4-CP up to 1000 mg/L initial concentration within 40 h. Bacterial strain was immobilized via developing calcium alginate beads along by optimizing weight proportion of calcium chloride and sodium alginate and size of the bead for further experiments. Various process parameters i.e. initial feed concentration, bed height, rate of flow of were optimized during packed bed reactor (PBR) study. Maximum biodegradation efficiency of 4-CP was observed as 45.39% at initial concentration of 500 mg/L within 105 min, using 2 mm size of immobilized beads which were formed using 3.5% w/v of both calcium chloride and sodium alginate within. Thus, Bacillus subtilis (MF447841.1) could be used for biological remediation of 4-CP pollutant present in wastewater. Moreover, because of affordable and eco-friendly nature of water treatment, relatively it has the better scope of commercialization.
Calcium alginate–bentonite/activated biochar composite beads for removal of dye and Biodegradation of dye-loaded composite after use: Synthesis, removal, mathematical modeling and biodegradation kinetics
2021, Environmental Technology and Innovation
Present study aimed to the production of calcium alginate–bentonite/activated biochar beads for implementation in methylene blue (MB) dye removal process and biodegradation study of dye-loaded composites by isolated bacteria, Lysinibacillus Sp. FTIR, TGA, SEM analysis of synthesized polymeric composite and biodegraded dye-loaded composite were performed to evaluate the surface characteristics and to identify the changes in biodegraded sample after biodegradation process. Experimental data of batch study were seemed to be extensively adjacent with the Langmuir isotherm and the maximum capacity for monolayer biosorption was 47.393 $mg g^{- 1}$ at 303 K and with increasing temperature, it was decreased. Additionally, the biosorption kinetics confirmed that the pseudo 2nd order model was comparatively more applicable than pseudo 1st order, Elovich diffusion and Weber–Morris intraparticle model for describing MB biosorption. Estimated magnitude of thermodynamic variables specified that the MB dye removal system was favorable at lower temperatures and endothermic process. Biodegradation study of dye-loaded composite was carried out under different operational conditions (pH, inoculum dosage, temperature, etc.) and high biodegradation efficiency was found (% weight loss >70%). Experimental data obtained from biodegradation kinetics was modeled by applying Han and Levenspiel’s model and estimated values of $μ_{\max}$ and $K_{S}$ as 0.0897 h⁻¹ and 0.102 gL⁻¹, respectively. The calculated value of $Y_{x/s}$ was obtained as 67.6 g of biomass/g of dye-loaded composite.
Kinetics and performance evaluation of microbial fuel cell supplied with dairy wastewater with simultaneous power generation
2021, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Citation Excerpt :
The production of acid changes the pH of the medium during the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa- MTCC-7814; therefore, the growth rate of bacteria is hampered. Since the requirement of pH is an indigenous element for every microorganism, therefore, the growth of bacterial indirectly depends on the pH of the medium [4,35]. The reduction of pH is the cause of higher order of internal resistance of MFC, and therefore, a lower level of OCV was obtained [36].
Due to the growing demand for energy in the present-day world, it is obligatory to look for alternative sources of renewable energy. The derivation of power from microbial fuel cells (MFCs) has developed at the vanguard of the alternative source of renewable energy through the concomitant treatment of wastewater. Hence, the process development of MFC is obligatory for creating a sustainable source of renewable energy through the treatment of wastewater. To that end, an attempt was taken in the present study for sustainable power generation from single chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) using Pseudomonas aeruginosa-MTCC-7814. The experiments were carried out in a batch process for 15 days with real dairy wastewater (RDW) having initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 8000 mg/L. The open-circuit voltage (OCV) found after 72 h of batch operation was 658 mV, which was maximum within the batch operation. The columbic efficiency (CE) of the batch process was found to be 46.59%. The maximum specific growth rate (μ_max) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-MTCC-7814 was found to be 0.432 day⁻¹ during batch operation. However, saturation constant (Ks) and inhibition coefficient (K_i) were calculated as 608.74 mg/L, and 6582 mg/L, respectively. The maximum current density (I_max) and saturation constant (K_c) predicted from batch kinetics study were 132 mA/m² and 321 mg/L, respectively, which has resemblance with the data obtained from experiments. The maximum current density and power density from experiments were found to be 161 mA/m² and 34.82 mW/m², respectively. Results showed that a higher power density and current density values were obtained from the present study as compared to the earlier reports that utilized wastewater as the substrate for the MFC. Thus, the study suggests that Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (MTCC-7814) can be used as a promising biocatalyst in MFC for sustainable power generation through the utilization of wastewater treatment.
Strategies for improvement of microbial fuel cell performance via stable power generation from real dairy wastewater
2021, Fuel
The microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are one of the emerging sustainable power sources, that are being effectively used for the simultaneous treatment of wastewater with concomitant generation of electricity. The present study develops a fed-batch process with an optimized level of two microorganisms for concurrent treatment of real dairy wastewater (RDW) and stable power generation using a single-chamber MFC. The MFC exhibits a maximum open circuit voltage of 652 mV at 264 h of fed-batch operation. The unstructured kinetic model suggests that the value of saturation constant (K_s) is 41.67 mg COD/L, indicating mixed culture has a higher affinity towards the utilization of RDW. The fed-batch mode achieves maximum COD removal efficiency of 95.31%, columbic efficiency of 31.58%, a maximum current density of 263 mA/m², and power density (62.27 mW/m²). The optimum cell voltage and internal resistance of MFC are 0.48 V and 340 Ω, respectively. The study suggests that a fed-batch operation with mixed culture is suitable for the treatment of RDW and able to generate stable power from MFC.
Process engineering for stable power recovery from dairy wastewater using microbial fuel cell
2021, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are one of the sustainable technologies that can effectively treat wastewater with concomitant generation of electricity. The present study investigated the treatment of real dairy wastewater (RDW) using Shewanella algae (MTCC-10608) within a single chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC). The study was conducted in both batch and fed-batch modes with initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 4000 mg/L and 2000 mg/L, respectively, in 0.2 L working volume of RDW for 15 days. However, the fed-batch strategy involved subsequent feeding of dairy wastewater with 6000 mg/L and 8000 mg/L COD on the 5th and 10th day, respectively. This two-step feeding strategy resulted in a maximum open-circuit voltage of 666 mV at 286 h of incubation with a COD removal efficiency of 92.21% and a columbic efficiency of 27.45%. The kinetic studies predicted the saturation constant of 55.83 mg COD/L and current density of 143.3 mA/m², which are similar to the findings from the experiments and polarization curve obtained. The maximum current density and power density from experiments were found to be 141 mA/m² and 50 mW/m² respectively. Thus, this study successfully indicates the utilization of dairy wastewater as a potential substrate for the sustainable power generation using Shewanella algae as a biocatalyst in the microbial fuel cell.

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References (18)

Purification and characterization of a solvent, detergent and oxidizing agent tolerant protease from Bacillus cereus isolated from the Gulf of Khambhat

J. Mol. Catal. B Enzym.

Developments in industrially important thermostable enzymes: a review

Bioresour. Technol.

A simple kinetic model for growth and biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate in Bacillus flexus

Nat. Biotechnol.

A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding

Anal. Biochem.

Influence of competing metabolic processes on the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid synthesized by Streptococcus zooepidemicus

Biochem. Eng. J.

The effect of temperature and pH on the growth of lactic acid bacteria: a pH-auxostat study

Int. J. Food Microbiol.

Study of the effects of temperature and pH on lactic acid production from fresh cassava roots in tofu liquid waste by Streptococcus bovis

Biochem. Eng. J.

Mathematical modeling to investigate temperature effect on kinetic parameters of ethanol fermentation

Biochem. Eng. J.

Optimization of alkaline protease activity from Bacillus subtilis 2724 by response surface methodology (RSM)

Int. J. Biol. Sci. Eng.

Cited by (27)

Production, characterization and applications of proteases produced by Bacillus licheniformis, Acinetobacter pittii and Aspergillus niger using neem seed oil cake as the substrate

Biodegradation of 4-chlorophenol in batch and continuous packed bed reactor by isolated Bacillus subtilis

Calcium alginate–bentonite/activated biochar composite beads for removal of dye and Biodegradation of dye-loaded composite after use: Synthesis, removal, mathematical modeling and biodegradation kinetics

Kinetics and performance evaluation of microbial fuel cell supplied with dairy wastewater with simultaneous power generation

Strategies for improvement of microbial fuel cell performance via stable power generation from real dairy wastewater

Process engineering for stable power recovery from dairy wastewater using microbial fuel cell

NoteProcess engineering studies to investigate the effect of temperature and pH on kinetic parameters of alkaline protease production

J. Mol. Catal. B Enzym.

Bioresour. Technol.

Nat. Biotechnol.

Anal. Biochem.

Biochem. Eng. J.

Int. J. Food Microbiol.

Biochem. Eng. J.

Biochem. Eng. J.

Optimization of alkaline protease activity from Bacillus subtilis 2724 by response surface methodology (RSM)

Int. J. Biol. Sci. Eng.

Note
Process engineering studies to investigate the effect of temperature and pH on kinetic parameters of alkaline protease production