Short communicationTriggering the production of the cryptic blue pigment indigoidine from Photorhabdus luminescens
Highlights
► Promoter exchange as simple way to induce the production of the cryptic blue pigment indigoidine from Photorhabdus. ► Heterologous expression in E. coli as another way to produce indigoidine. ► Different regulatory mechanisms for indigoidine biosynthesis in Photorhabdus and E. coli. ► Identification of genes acting as repressors in the indigoidine biosynthesis in Photorhabdus. ► Phylogenetic analysis of indC and comparative cluster analysis indicates horizontal transfer of the indigoidine biosynthesis gene cluster.
Section snippets
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Sebastian Fuchs for help with the HRMALDI-MS analysis. This work was supported by the German Research Council (DFG) and the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 223328.
References (18)
Entomopathogenic bacteria as a source of secondary metabolites
Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol.
(2009)- et al.
Improvement of pCVD442, a suicide plasmid for gene allele exchange in bacteria
Plasmid
(2004) - et al.
Cloning and characterization of a Streptomyces single module type non-ribosomal peptide synthetase catalyzing a blue pigment synthesis
J. Biol. Chem.
(2007) - et al.
Insertional inactivation of genes encoding the crystalline inclusion proteins of Photorhabdus luminescens results in mutants with pleiotropic phenotypes
J. Bacteriol.
(1998) - et al.
The impact of bacterial genomics on natural product research
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
(2005) - et al.
A type II polyketide synthase is responsible for anthraquinone biosynthesis in Photorhabdus luminescens
ChemBioChem
(2007) Photorhabdus: a model for the analysis of pathogenicity and mutualism
Cell. Microbiol.
(2008)- et al.
Redox-active antibiotics control gene expression and community behavior in divergent bacteria
Science
(2008) - et al.
The mtaA gene of the myxothiazol biosynthetic gene cluster from Stigmatella aurantiaca DW4/3-1 encodes a phosphopantetheinyl transferase that activates polyketide synthases and polypeptide synthetases
J. Biochem. (Tokyo)
(2001)
Cited by (40)
Genome assembly and annotation of Photorhabdus heterorhabditis strain ETL reveals genetic features involved in pathogenicity with its associated entomopathogenic nematode and anti-host effectors with biocontrol potential applications
2021, GeneCitation Excerpt :These secondary metabolites are generally produced through the action of enzymes called polyketide synthases (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthases (NRPS). Numerous genetic loci, including many cryptic loci such as genes not expressed under normal laboratory conditions (Brachmann et al., 2012), encoding potential PKS, NRPS and PKS-NRPS chimera in the genome of Photorhabdus have been identified (Clarke, 2017). Genes of cryptic loci are tightly regulated in Photorhabdus, and some of the PKS and NRPS resulting molecules can be identified and characterized through a range of biochemical and genetic approaches (Clarke, 2017).
Bacterial pathogens: Threat or treat (a review on bioactive natural products from bacterial pathogens)
2021, Natural Product ReportsDissecting modular synthases through inhibition: A complementary chemical and genetic approach
2020, Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry LettersGenipin: A natural blue pigment for food and health purposes
2017, Trends in Food Science and TechnologyCitation Excerpt :Phycocyanin has lower stability regarding light and high temperature, but its bright blue colour in solid material is judged to be more acceptable than gardenia blue, being preferable for this application (Jespersen et al., 2005). In another study, blue pigment obtained from gardenia was tested for it stability at light, high temperatures and pH range (Ayyasamy et al., 2011; Bentes & Mercadante, 2014; Bentes et al., 2015; Brachmann et al., 2012; Brauch, 2016). The authors vary the amino acids used for colorant formation, using glycine, lysine, or phenylalanine.
Stilbene epoxidation and detoxification in a Photorhabdus luminescens-nematode symbiosis
2017, Journal of Biological ChemistryCitation Excerpt :Some of these pathways have been characterized. For example, Photorhabdus produces a variety of anthraquinone and indigoidine pigments (7–9). The genus also encodes isonitrile-functionalized metabolites that serve as potent nanomolar-level inhibitors of insect phenoloxidase, a central enzyme in the insect innate immune system (10, 11).
Bioprospecting for secondary metabolites in the entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. sonorensis
2016, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology