High performance concentration method for viruses in drinking water

doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.06.007

Journal of Virological Methods

Volume 222, 15 September 2015, Pages 132-137

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.06.007 Get rights and content

Highlights

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Principle study of virus concentration from 98 m³ of drinking water to 1 mL.
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New setup for ultrafiltration of volumes up to 98 m³.
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New monolithic affinity filtration (MAF) module for large volume filtration.
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Combination of ultrafiltration, MAF and centrifugal ultrafiltration.

Abstract

According to the risk assessment of the WHO, highly infectious pathogenic viruses like rotaviruses should not be present in large-volume drinking water samples of up to 90 m³. On the other hand, quantification methods for viruses are only operable in small volumes, and presently no concentration procedure for processing such large volumes has been reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to demonstrate a procedure for processing viruses in-line of a drinking water pipeline by ultrafiltration (UF) and consecutive further concentration by monolithic filtration (MF) and centrifugal ultrafiltration (CeUF) of viruses to a final 1-mL sample. For testing this concept, the model virus bacteriophage MS2 was spiked continuously in UF instrumentation. Tap water was processed in volumes between 32.4 m³ (22 h) and 97.7 m³ (72 h) continuously either in dead-end (DE) or cross-flow (CF) mode. Best results were found by DE-UF over 22 h. The concentration of MS2 was increased from 4.2 × 10⁴ GU/mL (genomic units per milliliter) to 3.2 × 10¹⁰ GU/mL and from 71 PFU/mL to 2 × 10⁸ PFU/mL as determined by qRT-PCR and plaque assay, respectively.

Graphical abstract

Section snippets

Acknowledgement

The authors like to thank Sebastian Wiesemann and Roland Hoppe for producing the UF instrumentation, Dr. Martin Rieger for first tests, and Susanne Mahler for performing the plaque assays. We like to thank Prof. Christian Drosten from the Institute of Virology (University of Bonn) for the next generation sequencing of our tap water after applying our concentration method. The DFG (SE 1722/2-1), the Max-Buchner-Forschungsstiftung (MBFSt-2907), BMBF-FONA project EDIT (WO 033W010E) and the China

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Short communicationHigh performance concentration method for viruses in drinking water

Highlights

Abstract

Graphical abstract

Section snippets

Acknowledgement

Water Res.

Desalination

Water Res.

Desalination

J. Chromatogr. A

Vulnerability of drinking-water wells in La Crosse, Wisconsin, to enteric-virus contamination from surface water contributions

Appl. Environ. Microbiol.

Methods for primary concentration of viruses from water samples: a review and meta-analysis of recent studies

J. Appl. Microbiol.

Development and evaluation of EPA method 1615 for detection of enterovirus and norovirus in water

Appl. Environ. Microbiol.

Towards quantitative metagenomics of wild viruses and other ultra-low concentration DNA samples: a rigorous assessment and optimization of the linker amplification method

Environ. Microbiol.

Concentration of poliovirus from tap water onto membrane filters with aluminum-chloride at ambient pH levels

Appl. Environ. Microbiol.

Concentration of enteroviruses from large volumes of tap water, treated sewage, and seawater

Appl. Environ. Microbiol.

Bacteriophages: update on application as models for viruses in water

Water SA

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Water Sci. Technol.

Pathogenic human viruses in coastal waters

Clin. Microbiol. Rev.

Short communication
High performance concentration method for viruses in drinking water