Relatively rapid emplacement of dome-forming magma inferred from strain analyses: The case of the acid Latian dome complexes (Central Italy)

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.04.015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Volume 158, Issues 1–2, 1 November 2006, Pages 106-116

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.04.015 Get rights and content

Abstract

We have analysed the relationship between the volcanic substratum and magma body emplacement for the acid dome complexes of Latium, Central Italy. Our study shows that the volcanic edifices, which are mainly Pleistocene cryptodomes and related explosive products, were derived from mantle magmas contaminated by crustal materials. The Cimini, Tolfa and Cerite–Manziate dome complexes of Latium show the following characteristics: a shallow laccolith origin; emplacement in basins that have identical tectonic evolution and geological structure; the same magmatic composition and density contrast between magma and host rock; and geochronological data that are inconsistent with field evidence.

In the Cimini and Tolfa dome complexes, the deformation induced by shallow intrusions was accompanied by ∼ 200 m uplift of the sedimentary cover. The estimated pluton infilling time for the Cimini and Tolfa domes is 10² years while the strain rate required to uplift their Pliocene overburden by 200 m is ε_m^′ ∼ 10^− 9 s^− 1. The rapid evolution of the dome complexes is consistent with field data that show no relevant interruptions in the volcanic activity and no significant compositional changes in the volcanic products related to the extrusion of the domes. For the Cerite–Manziate dome complex, the minimal input rate of magma favoured a monogenetic style of volcanism, independent of the regional stress conditions.

Introduction

The area of southern Tuscany and northern Latium, from Rome to Mt. Amiata along the Tyrrhenian margin of the Apennine chain, was the site of complex geological processes during the Neogene (Fig. 1). Due to the post-orogenic extensional processes occurring at the back of the eastward-migrating Apennine fold-and-thrust belt, the area experienced repeated subsidence episodes with the development of a series of marine and continental sedimentary basins (Ambrosetti et al., 1978, Barberi et al., 1994). Local subsidence alternated with periods of differential uplift (Baldi et al., 1974, Marinelli et al., 1993, Barberi et al., 1994). Since the Pliocene, intense volcanic activity affected the area as a result of crustal extension with a space-time migration from west to the east (Innocenti et al., 1992, Serri et al., 1993, Jolivet et al., 1998). Such migration of the locus of volcanic activity was associated with important changes in the nature of the erupted magmas. Initially, volcanic activity was characterized by crustal metasomatized acidic magmas. Eruptive activity during this phase built a series of volcanic edifices, mainly cryptodomes. Beginning in the Late Pleistocene, magmatism changed to a more alkali-potassic composition derived from the mantle (Civetta et al., 1978, Serri et al., 1991, Serri et al., 1993, Peccerillo, 1999, Conticelli et al., 2002).

This work investigates the acidic volcanic complexes of Latium focusing on the relationship between the volcanic substratum and magma body emplacement. The role of regional extension on the rise and emplacement of laccoliths is also investigated.

Section snippets

Structure of the basement

Motivated by the prospecting of a geothermal energy resource, the structure of the basement along the Tyrrhenian sector of central Italy was studied during the 1980's by means of geophysical surveys and exploration drilling (Buonasorte et al., 1987, Barberi et al., 1994). The studies revealed that the thickened fold and thrusted pre-volcanic substratum of this area is composed of Mesozoic–Cenozoic limestones and siliciclastic turbidite deposits (locally known as flysch units). These basement

Dome complexes

In this section, the important volcanological and structural aspects of the acid dome complexes are summarized. Emphasis is given on the role of related laccolith intrusions to the formation of domes.

Methodology

To estimate the magmatic strain rate induced by the emplacement of these magmatic bodies in the shallow crust, and in order to compare it with the tectonic strain rate estimated for this area during Pliocene times, the methodology proposed by Acocella and Rossetti (2002) for the Mt. Amiata intrusion was followed. Their methodology may be applied to the laccolith intrusions related to the Latian dome complexes, considering that the regional geological conditions are the same in this area of

Discussion

Several assumptions were used in calculating the magmatic strain rate, such as the constant rate of pluton filling and geometry of the feeder conduit (L/w = 10³). In order to obtain the minimum time of pluton infilling, the maximum value of Q = 30 m³ s^− 1 estimated from both TDC and CDC was used. These choices are supported by field evidence of conduit geometry from the TDC where a maximum width of about 10 m can be estimated.

The calculated magmatic strain rate is larger than the tectonic strain

Concluding remarks

Calculations suggest that the dome complexes experienced a very rapid evolution. This is supported by field evidence, that do not show relevant interruptions in volcanic activity and significant compositional changes in the volcanic products related to the extrusion of the domes (de Rita et al., 1997, Cimarelli and de Rita, 2006). Similarly to the Latian shallow intrusions in the Amiata and Larderello volcanic areas (Acocella and Rossetti, 2002), the magmatic strain rates of the CDC, TDC appear

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the reviewers S.A. Alaniz-Alvarez and Y. Wada for providing helpful and thoughtful comments to the draft version of the paper. Careful revision by A.M.F. Lagmay and C. Corazzato helped improving the final version of the manuscript.

References (30)

V. Acocella et al.
The role of extensional tectonics at different crustal levels on granite ascent and emplacement: an example from Tuscany (Italy)
Tectonophysics
(2002)
P. Cipollari et al.
Extension- and compression-related basins in central Italy during the Messinian Lago-Mare event
Tectonophysics
(1999)
R.E. Ernst et al.
Giant radiating dyke swarms on Earth and Venus
Earth-Science Reviews
(1995)
G. Serri et al.
Geochemical and petrological evidence of the subduction of delaminated Adriatic continental lithosphere in the genesis of the Neogene–Quaternary magmatism of central Italy
Tectonophysics
(1993)
F. Sollevanti
Geologic, volcanologic and tectonic setting of the Vico-Cimini area, Italy
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
(1983)
C.J. Talbot
Can field data constrain rock viscosities?
Journal of Structural Geology
(1999)
P. Ambrosetti et al.
Evoluzione paleogeografica e tettonica dei bacini tosco-umbro laziali nel Pliocene e nel Pleistocene inferiore
Memorie della Società Geologica Italiana
(1978)
P. Baldi et al.
Studio geologico del substrato della copertura vulcanica laziale delle zone dei laghi di Bolsena, Vico e Bracciano
Memorie della Società Geologica Italiana
(1974)
G. Buonasorte et al.
Stratigraphic correlations and structural setting of the pre-neoautochtonous sedimentary sequences of Northern Latium
Per. Mineral
(1987)
F. Barberi et al.
Plio-Pleistocene geological evolution of the geothermal area of Tuscany and Latium
Memorie Descrittive della Carta Geologica d'Italia
(1994)

C. Cimarelli et al.

Structural evolution of the Pleistocene Cimini trachytic volcanic complex (Central Italy)

Bulletin of Volcanology

(2006)

Cimarelli, C., de Rita, D., Giordano, G., Cinnirella, A., Cecili, A. 2002. Structural evolution of the Pleistocene...

L. Civetta et al.

Eastward migration of the Tuscan anatectic magmatism due to anti-clockwise rotation of the Appenine

Nature

(1978)

S. Conticelli et al.

Source contamination and mantle heterogeneity in the genesis of Italian potassic and ultrapotassic volcanic rocks: Sr–Nd–Pb isotope data from Roman Province and Southern Tuscany

Mineralogy and Petrology

(2002)

A.R. Cruden

On the emplacement of tabular granites

Journal of the Geological Society, London

(1998)

Cited by (16)

Structural control on the alteration and fluid flow in the lithocap of the Allumiere-Tolfa epithermal system
2024, Journal of Structural Geology
Zones of advanced argillic alteration with general low permeability (i.e., lithocaps) are common place in the shallow parts of porphyry and epithermal ore deposits and active geothermal systems. The study of structural control on alteration distributions is of paramount importance for exploitation purposes as it really influences the caprock efficiency. We present the results of a structural-mineralogical study carried out in the lithocap of the Allumiere-Tolfa epithermal system (Northern Apennines). We characterized the composition, textures and physical properties (i.e., in-situ permeability; relative rock strength) of alteration facies. We then integrated field structural analysis with analysis of a virtual outcrop model to reconstruct the geometry of principal fluid-corridors. It resulted that advanced argillic alteration was promoted by circulation of highly reactive fluid(s) along a complex network of NE- and NW-striking faults and fractures dissecting the acidic volcanic dome. Such structures likely developed in response to a local disturbance of the regional stress field due to the extrusion of the Tolfa dome, which controlled the syn-extensional mineralization of the Allumiere-Tolfa area.
The history of conifers in central Italy supports long-term persistence and adaptation of mesophilous conifer fungi in Arbutus-dominated shrublands
2020, Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
Citation Excerpt :
The first tectonic activity leading to the geological formations of Monti della Tolfa dates to the Neogene, when post-orogenic extensional processes, involving a vast territory of northern Lazio and southern Tuscany, produced a series of continental and marine sedimentary basins. Starting from the Pliocene, this crustal extension determined an intense volcanism in the Monti della Tolfa area, producing the crustal metasomatized acidic magmas formations typical of the Tolfa Dome Complex (Fig. 1B) (Cimarelli and de Rita, 2006). Until the Middle Pleistocene, before the beginning of the activity of the Vulsini, Cimini, and Sabatini volcanic districts in the Lazio region, the Tolfa Dome Complex was a sort of island in the Tyrrhenian Sea.
A mycological survey from Monti della Tolfa, a volcanic region of central Italy that originated during the Early Pleistocene and remained isolated from the mainland for at least one million years, shows that a thermophilous shrubland dominated by Arbutus unedo preserves fungal species typically associated with conifers. Pinaceae are currently absent from the study area. Palynological data from the same region show a decline of Abies and Picea around 70 ka BP and their complete disappearance during the Holocene. Pinus disappeared during the postglacial. This may have determined first the isolation of the fungal populations in relict conifer woodlands in Monti della Tolfa, and then their adaptation to the current habitat, which was favored by the presence of Arbutus unedo, a broadly receptive species towards fungal associates. Genetic sequences of an isolate of Amanita muscaria (fly agaric) from Monti della Tolfa indicate that our individual is more closely related to North American than to Eurasian populations and add new insights into the phylogeographic processes of this globally distributed species.
Geochemistry of hydrothermal fluids from the eastern sector of the Sabatini Volcanic District (central Italy)
2017, Applied Geochemistry
Citation Excerpt :
Volcanic complexes grew up on buried horst-graben structures, as shown by gravimetric anomalies (Barberi et al., 1994), whilst marine clastic sediments were filled the structural lows. The SVD was active from 0.60 to 0.08 Ma (Cioni et al., 1993; De Rita et al., 1996; Karner et al., 2001) and consisted of rhyolites, rhyodacites and trachidacites found as dome complexes (Cimarelli and De Rita, 2006), pertaining to the Tuscan Magmatic Province, and under-saturated alkali-potassic pyroclastic and phreatomagmatic deposits with subordinate volumes of lavas related to the Roman Magmatic Province. The early stage of the volcanic activity (0.6–0.4 Ma), mostly consisting of explosive events, occurred from craters located in the eastern and southern sectors of the SVD, while the main explosive phase (0.3 Ma), producing caldera-forming pyroclastic flows and several small scoria cones and tuff rings, took place north of the Bracciano volcano-tectonic depression.
This study reports a complete geochemical dataset of 215 water and 9 gas samples collected in 2015 from thermal and cold discharges located in the eastern sector of the Sabatini Volcanic District (SVD), Italy. Based on these data, two main aquifers were recognized, as follows: 1) a cold Ca-HCO₃ to Ca(Na)-HCO₃ aquifer related to a shallow circuit within Pliocene-Pleistocene volcanic and sedimentary formations and 2) a deep CO₂-pressurized aquifer hosted in Mesozoic carbonate-evaporitic rocks characterized by a Ca-HCO₃(SO₄) to Na(Ca)-HCO₃(Cl) composition. A thick sequence of low-permeability formations represents a physical barrier between the two reservoirs. Interaction of the CO₂-rich gas phase with the shallow aquifer, locally producing high-TDS and low-pH cold waters, is controlled by fractures and faults related to buried horst-graben structures. The δ¹⁸O-H₂O and δD-H₂O values indicate meteoric water as the main source for both the shallow and deep reservoirs. Carbon dioxide, which is characterized by δ¹³C-CO₂ values ranging from −4.7 to +1.0‰ V-PDB, is mostly produced by thermo-metamorphic decarbonation involving Mesozoic rock formations, masking possible CO₂ contribution from mantle degassing. The relatively low R/R_a values (0.07–1.04) indicate dominant crustal He, with a minor mantle He contribution. The CO₂/³He ratios, up to 6 × 10¹², support a dominant crustal source for these two gases. The δ³⁴S-H₂S values (from +9.3 to +11.3‰ V-CDT) suggests that H₂S is mainly related to thermogenic reduction of Triassic anhydrites. The δ¹³C-CH₄ and δD-CH₄ values (from −33.4 to −24.9‰ V-PDB and from −168 to −140‰ V-SMOW, respectively) and the relatively low C₁/C₂₊ ratios (<100) are indicative of a prevailing CH₄ production through thermogenic degradation of organic matter. The low N₂/Ar and high N₂/He ratios, as well as the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar ratios (<305) close to atmospheric ratio, suggest that both N₂ and Ar mostly derive from air. Notwithstanding, the positive δ¹⁵N-N₂ values (from +0.91 to +3.7‰ NBS air) point to a significant extra-atmospheric N₂ contribution. Gas geothermometry in the CH₄-CO₂-H₂ and H₂S-CO₂-H₂ systems indicate equilibrium temperatures <200 °C, i.e. lower than those measured in deep geothermal wells (∼300 °C), due to either an incomplete attainment of the chemical equilibria or secondary processes (dilution and/or scrubbing) affecting the chemistry of the uprising fluids. Although the highly saline Na-Cl fluids discharged from the explorative geothermal wells in the study area support the occurrence of a well-developed hydrothermal reservoir suitable for direct exploitation, the chemistry of the fluid discharges highlights that the uprising hydrothermal fluids are efficiently cooled and diluted by the meteoric water recharge from the nearby Apennine sedimentary belt. This explains the different chemical and isotopic features shown by the fluids from the eastern and western sectors of SVD, respectively, the latter being influenced by this process at a lesser extent. Direct uses may be considered a valid alternative for the exploitation of this resource.
Shift from lamproite-like to leucititic rocks: Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data from the Monte Cimino volcanic complex vs. the Vico stratovolcano, Central Italy
2013, Chemical Geology
Citation Excerpt :
The Monte Cimino volcanic complex is a relatively simple apparatus active from 1.35 ± 0.08 to 0.94 ± 0.20 Ma (e.g., Evernden and Curtiss, 1965; Nicoletti, 1969; Borghetti et al., 1981; LaBerge, Personal Communication). It is characterised by four main volcano-stratigraphic units (Fig. 2) reconstructed as follows on the basis of original field data and literature (e.g., Mittempergher and Tedesco, 1963; Mattias and Ventriglia, 1970; Micheluccini et al., 1971; Puxeddu, 1971; Lardini and Nappi, 1987; Cimarelli and De Rita, 2006a,b; Laberge et al., 2006, 2008): i) dome complex unit (“peperino delle alture”; 1st period in Fig. 2), ii) welded ignimbrite unit (“peperino tipico”; 1st period in Fig. 2); iii) lava flows of Monte Cimino unit (2nd period in Fig. 2); iv) final mafic lava flows unit (“ciminiti”, Washington, 1906; 3rd period in Fig. 2). Magmatic activity in the area renewed after ca 500 ka with the emplacement of the early Vico products.
In the Italian peninsula leucite-free and -bearing ultrapotassic rocks occur intimately associated but well separated in time. Silica-saturated ultrapotassic and associated shoshonitic magmas erupted during the Pliocene to Lower Pleistocene. Silica under-saturated leucite-bearing ultrapotassic rocks, mainly leucitites, were emplaced sometime later, during the Middle–Upper Pleistocene. The transition from leucite-free to -bearing rocks is diachronous and in some cases is complicated by the occurrence of crustal-derived magmas coeval with early leucite-free magma.
The Monte Cimino–Vico area is a key locality for studying the transition from leucite-free to -bearing ultrapotassic rocks. There a volcanic complex is overlain by some 500 ka younger leucite-bearing rocks of Vico stratovolcano. Most of the potassic and ultrapotassic rocks of the Monte Cimino volcanic complex are characterised by high Mg-# (66.4–77.8), and compatible element abundances in spite of their high silica contents (52.9–58.0 wt.%). Ultrapotassic leucite-free rocks transitional to lamproites are olivine-bearing orthopyroxene- and plagioclase-free latites and K-rich basaltic trachyandesite and they are confined in the final mafic activity of the Monte Cimino volcanic complex. Two-pyroxene parageneses are observed in the early Monte Cimino volcanic complex giving equilibration temperature as high as 1050 °C and suggesting a sub-crustal derivation of their parental magmas. A two-pyroxene high-K calc-alkaline magma is then inferred for the genesis of the early Monte Cimino activity (e.g. dome complex and silicic lava flows and ignimbrites), which was modelled through crystal-fractionation from a high-K basaltic andesitic magma plus mixing with crustal anatectic rhyolitic magma.
Final mafic lavas fill the isotopic and chemical gap between shoshonite-like and lamproite-like rocks, and each lava flow could be considered as a mantle-derived term from a heterogeneous sub-continental lithospheric mantle. Final mafic lavas are high-silica and -MgO ultrapotassic rocks due to crystallisation of primitive magmas generated by partial melting of a vein metasomatised network within a lithospheric upper mantle source, at low pressure and high P_H2O.
The shift to the younger Vico volcano, in which leucite-bearing magmas prevail, is thought to be due to the arrival in the mantle source of newly formed metasomatic agent from the undergoing slab characterised by the increasing of a sedimentary carbonate recycled component. This new component appears in the Middle Pleistocene and it is responsible for the composition of the magmatism of the Roman region. The recycling of carbonate-bearing pelitic sediments within the mantle wedge produces a carbonate-rich metasomatic agent. The latter is responsible for stabilisation of phlogopite-bearing wehrlitic veins within the mantle wedge. Partial melting of this newly formed vein network under high X_CO2 generated silica under-saturated, and then leucite-bearing, ultrapotassic primary melts. A further shift is observed among the Vico post-caldera magmas, in which the appearance of a deep asthenospheric component is argued to be channelled late through slab-tears.
Geostatistical techniques application to dissolved radon hazard mapping: An example from the western sector of the Sabatini Volcanic District and the Tolfa Mountains (central Italy)
2013, Applied Geochemistry
Citation Excerpt :
As shown in Fig. 1 the geology of the study area is characterized by two different domains, volcanic and sedimentary, which outcrop to east and to west, respectively. The only exception is represented by the Tolfa volcanic dome complex (Cimarelli and De Rita, 2006), which is exposed within the sedimentary sequence. A radiometric characterization of the main representative lithotypes outcropping in the province of Rome was carried out by Trevisi et al. (2005) by determining the activity concentrations of primordial radionuclides (40K, 232Th and 238U series).
Dissolved Rn was determined in 192 samples collected from cold shallow volcanic and sedimentary aquifers, deep thermal aquifers and from waters associated with bubbling gases in the western sector of the Sabatini Volcanic District and the Tolfa Mountains (central Italy). Shallow aquifers hosted in the Quaternary volcanic complexes show values ranging from 1.0 to 352 Bq/L (median value 55 and inter-quartile distance 62 Bq/L), while waters circulating within the permeable horizons of the sandy-to-clayey sediments of the Tolfa flysch have values from 1.0 to 44 Bq/L (median value 6.9 and inter-quartile distance 8.1 Bq/L). Thermal waters are hosted in the Mesozoic carbonate formations and move towards the surface along faults. Here, dissolved Rn values range from 0 to 37 Bq/L (median value 3.0 and inter-quartile distance 9.5 Bq/L). Waters associated with bubbling gases show dissolved Rn contents ranging from 2.0 to 48 Bq/L (median value 6.2 and inter-quartile distance 23 Bq/L). Those results suggest that lithology is the main factor affecting the Rn contents in shallow aquifers, due to the high levels of Rn progenitors U and Ra in the volcanic rocks relative to sedimentary units. The influence of other factors such as the presence of a fracture network, seasonal flow variations, type of discharge (from well or spring) was also investigated. Radon contents of thermal waters result from mixing with shallow waters (from both volcanic and sedimentary rock aquifers) and decrease of Rn solubility with temperature, while for bubbling pools the effects of strong degassing were also considered.
In terms of health hazard from direct ingestion of Rn-rich waters, 20.8% of those circulating within the volcanic aquifer show values higher than the recommended value of 100 Bq/L, while none of those circulating within the sedimentary aquifers exceed the threshold value. Geostatistical techniques were used for the elaboration of contour maps by using variogram models and kriging estimation aimed at defining the areas where a potential health hazard due to the direct ingestion of Rn-rich waters and to inhalation of air following degassing of Rn from waters may be expected.
Fluid geochemistry and geothermometry in the western sector of the Sabatini Volcanic District and the Tolfa Mountains (Central Italy)
2011, Chemical Geology
Citation Excerpt :
Most of the fluid discharges showing significant contribution from the deep reservoir, i.e. Stigliano springs and CO2-rich cold waters, are oriented along a NNE–SSW trend coinciding with the lithologic boundary between the SVD terrains and the sedimentary deposits of the TM (Fig. 1). The overlapping between the lithologic and the gravity limits suggests that the boundary between the volcanic and sedimentary units may represent a single structural discontinuity along which the top of the Mesozoic carbonates rise up (Barberi et al., 1994; Cimarelli and De Rita, 2006). At Stigliano, where chemistry shows clues of a significant geothermal fluid contribution, extensional faults are supposed to cut the deepest parts of the carbonate basement, where the geothermal fluid is likely confined.
A geochemical survey of 197 fluid discharges (cold and thermal waters and bubbling pools) and 15 gas emissions from the western sector of the Sabatini Volcanic District and the Tolfa Mountains (Latium, Central Italy) was carried out in 2007–2008. The chemical and isotopic compositions of the fluid discharges indicate the occurrence of two main sources: 1) relatively shallow aquifers with Ca(Na,K)–HCO₃ and Ca(Mg)–HCO₃ compositions when trapped in volcanic and sedimentary formations, respectively; and 2) a deep reservoir, which is hosted in the Mesozoic carbonate sequence, rich in CO₂ and having a Ca–SO₄(HCO₃) composition. Dissolution of a CO₂-rich gas phase into the shallow aquifers produces high-TDS and high-pCO₂ cold waters, while oxidation of deep-derived H₂S to SO₄²⁻ generates low-pH (< 4) sulfate waters.
The δ¹³C–CO₂ values for gas emissions (from − 2.8 to + 2.7‰ vs. VPDB) suggest that the origin of CO₂ associated with the deep fluids is mainly related to thermo-metamorphic reactions within the carbonate reservoir, although significant mantle contribution may also occur. However, R/R_a values (0.37–0.62) indicate that He is mainly produced by a crustal source, with a minor component from a crust-contaminated mantle. On the basis of the δ¹³C–CH₄ and δD–CH₄ values (from − 25.7 to − 19.5‰ vs. VPDB and from − 152 to − 93.4‰ vs. VSMOW, respectively) CH₄ production is associated with thermogenic processes, possibly related to abiogenic CO₂ reduction within the carbonate reservoir. The δ³⁴S–H₂S values (from + 9.3 to + 10.4‰ vs. VCDT) are consistent with the hypothesis of a sedimentary source of sulfur from thermogenic reduction of Triassic sulfates. Geothermometric evaluations based on chemical equilibria CO₂–CH₄ and, separately, H₂S suggest that the reservoir equilibrium temperature is up to ~ 300 °C. The δD and δ¹⁸O data indicate that water recharging both the shallow and deep aquifers has a meteoric origin. Fluid geochemistry, coupled with gravimetric data and tectonic lineaments, supports the idea that significant contributions from a deep-seated geothermal brine are present in the Stigliano thermal fluid discharges. Exploration surveys investigated this area during 70's–90's for geothermal purposes. Nevertheless, presently the area is still under-exploited. The presence of thermal waters and anomalous heat flow together with the demographic growth of the last years, makes this site a suitable location for direct applications of the geothermal resource.

View all citing articles on Scopus

View full text

Relatively rapid emplacement of dome-forming magma inferred from strain analyses: The case of the acid Latian dome complexes (Central Italy)

Abstract

Introduction

Section snippets

Structure of the basement

Dome complexes

Methodology

Discussion

Concluding remarks

Acknowledgements

Tectonophysics

Tectonophysics

Earth-Science Reviews

Tectonophysics

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Journal of Structural Geology

Evoluzione paleogeografica e tettonica dei bacini tosco-umbro laziali nel Pliocene e nel Pleistocene inferiore

Memorie della Società Geologica Italiana

Studio geologico del substrato della copertura vulcanica laziale delle zone dei laghi di Bolsena, Vico e Bracciano

Memorie della Società Geologica Italiana

Stratigraphic correlations and structural setting of the pre-neoautochtonous sedimentary sequences of Northern Latium

Per. Mineral

Plio-Pleistocene geological evolution of the geothermal area of Tuscany and Latium

Memorie Descrittive della Carta Geologica d'Italia

Structural evolution of the Pleistocene Cimini trachytic volcanic complex (Central Italy)

Bulletin of Volcanology

Eastward migration of the Tuscan anatectic magmatism due to anti-clockwise rotation of the Appenine

Nature

Source contamination and mantle heterogeneity in the genesis of Italian potassic and ultrapotassic volcanic rocks: Sr–Nd–Pb isotope data from Roman Province and Southern Tuscany

Mineralogy and Petrology

On the emplacement of tabular granites

Journal of the Geological Society, London