Materials Today: Proceedings
Tribological and mechanical properties of Zirconium Di-boride (ZrB2) particles reinforced aluminium matrix composites
Introduction
During the past two decades, materials design has transferred emphasis to pursue light weight, environment friendliness, low cost quality, superior service temperature, enhanced elastic modulus and enriched wear resistance and performance. The foremost objectives of using composite materials is the advantage of attaining property combinations that can result in a number of service benefits. Ceramic particulates incorporated aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) are a new generation of metal matrix composites which have the potential of sustaining the emerging demand for advanced engineering applications. These expects were fulfilled owing to enormous mechanical and tribological properties of the aluminum matrix composite. Generally in automobile, transportation, marine, structural, defence and aircraft applications require an alloy material which proposes improved specific strength, stiffness, toughness, wear and corrosion resistance [1], [2], [3].
The most widely employed composite matrix materials are magnesium, aluminium, zinc and titanium and the typical reinforcements are Titanium carbide (TiC), Silicon carbide (SiC), Boron carbide (B4C), Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2), Titanium oxide (TiO2), Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3), Silicon Oxide (SiO2), Silicon nitride (Si3N4), Boron Nitride (BN), Titanium diboride (TiB2) and Zirconium diboride (ZrB2) etc., [4], [5], [6], [7]. Zirconium diboride (ZrB2) is a naturally inherent reinforcement material for aluminium based composites as it possesses the effective combination of physical and mechanical properties like high melting point, superior hardness, low density, high elastic modulus and outstanding wear resistance. Especially utilization of ZrB2 particles as reinforcement has always improved the mechanical properties of AMCs [8], [9].
Liquid route of processing embraces either incorporating ceramic particles externally to the molten metal or synthesizing in the melt itself. The former is known as ex-situ fabrication (stir casting, squeeze casting and spray deposition) as discussed earlier while the later is called as in situ fabrication. In a furnace the matrix alloy is melted. The measured quantity of reaction elements/compounds is added into molten matrix material to synthesize reinforcements. Stirring is then continued for some time to disperse reinforcements uniformly into the matrix. Stirring should not be vigorous as done in stir casting which will lead to entrapment of floating reaction products into the matrix alloy. The composite melt is poured into moulds after removing the reaction products i.e., slag. In situ fabrication is a single step economical process. In situ method overcomes the limitations of stir casting process such as improper wetting of reinforcement particles and density dependency of particles and its associated problems like sinking and floating of particles. The in situ techniques lead to clean interfacing, high interfacial bonding strength, uniform distribution of small particles in the matrix, thermodynamically stable particles, higher mechanical properties, and low cost processing method [10].
In the present review article, an attempt has been made to review on ZrB2 particles based composites. The ZrB2 particulates based composites exhibits, the rise in ZrB2 contents tends to enhance the hardness, tensile strength and the wear resistance of the AMCs.
Section snippets
Literature review
In recent decades, most of the researchers have been using a wide variety of ceramic materials such as SiC, B4C, Al2O3, TiB2, TiC, Si3N4, ZrB2 and WC and they have been significantly employed as reinforcement materials in AMCs. The literature reports that most of the previous study was done on the use of TiC, SiC, Al2O3 and B4C as reinforcement in several aluminium matrix composite. However, much less information is available regarding ZrB2. Zirconium diboride (ZrB2) is a potentially attractive
Conclusion
In this review article exhibits the various types of aluminium alloy based ZrB2 particles reinforced metal matrix composites. The above literature works are exhibits the mechanical and tribological properties of the composites are enhanced after the dispersion of ZrB2 particles. Massive number of research works are exhibit the ZrB2 particles based composites are manufactured through in situ casting method. But very limited research works are done in the powder metallurgy, stir casting, compo
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