Comparative investigations of phase states, mesomorphic and morphologic properties in hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide/water and hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide/water/1-decanol lyotropic liquid crystalline systems
Introduction
Lyotropic systems are the binary and/or multicomponent compositions, which are based on amphiphile, polar or/and non-polar solvent and other components (cosurfactant, non-organic salt, optical active material etc.). Under convenient temperature and concentration conditions these systems form lyotropic isotropic phases and lyotropic anisotropic liquid crystalline mesophases [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]. The structural units of these mesophases are the anisometric rod-like and disc-like micelles. Changes of temperature and concentration lead to a change of the shapes, sizes, packing character and spatial structures of the anisometric micelles [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12]. Definite temperature and concentration sequence of lyotropic mesophases are determined by the phase diagrams.
The phase diagrams of lyotropic liquid crystals are usually very diverse and complex, and consist of various types of the isotropic phases and anisotropic mesophases. Different structural properties, type of the physical anisotropy and differences in spatial symmetry lead to differences in the physical properties of lyotropic phases and mesophases. Therefore the studies of the phase states of lyotropic systems and also the comparative investigations of connection between the microscopic and macroscopic properties of lyotropic phases and mesophases are important topics in the physics and physical chemistry of lyotropic systems.
On the other hand lyotropic liquid crystalline mesophases are highly sensitive and mobile not only to the change of temperatures and concentrations but also to different external effects and boundary conditions. Such sensitivity and mobility of lyotropic mesophases make lyotropic systems important and interesting objects from both fundamental and application points of view.
In this work we are interested in the phase equilibrium of the binary hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB)/water (H2O) and ternary HTAB/H2O/1-decanol (DeOH) lyotropic systems, and the character of the typical textures of lyotropic mesophases, which take place in these systems. We are also interested in the magneto-morphologic properties of these mesophases and the shape of micelles in the above-mentioned lyotropic systems. Results of such investigations are presented in this work.
Section snippets
Experimental
Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (cat. No. Sigma Ultra H9151) and 1-decanol (cat. No. 803463) were purchased from Sigma and Merck respectively. These materials have the high degree of purity and therefore were used without further purification. Water, which was used as the general solvent, was triple distilled and deionized.
The preparation process of the lyotropic liquid crystalline systems under investigations followed known procedures. HTAB and H2O by precision balance were weighed into
Results and discussions
In this work, the phase states, and the mesomorphic and morphologic properties of the HTAB/H2O and HTAB/H2O/DeOH lyotropic liquid crystalline systems have been studied. Our objectives were as follows. The phase diagrams, based on HTAB, are presented in a number of works [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37]. However, the number, types and sequence of mesophases on these phase diagrams are different. Additionally, the concentration regions and the interface boundaries of
Conclusion
In this work, the phase states and mesomorphic properties of the HTAB/water and the HTAB/water/DeOH lyotropic systems have been investigated and phase diagrams of these systems have been constructed. In the HTAB/water lyotropic system L1 phase, and E and NC mesophases have been found; in the HTAB/water/DeOH lyotropic system L1 phase, and E, NC, ND and D mesophases have been found. The morphologic and structural properties of lyotropic mesophases, taking place in these lyotropic systems, have
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