The anatomy of electroweak symmetry breaking: Tome I: The Higgs boson in the Standard Model

doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2007.10.004

Physics Reports

Volume 457, Issues 1–4, February 2008, Pages 1-216

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Abstract

This review is devoted to the study of the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking and this first part focuses on the Higgs particle of the Standard Model. The fundamental properties of the Higgs boson are reviewed and its decay modes and production mechanisms at hadron colliders and at future lepton colliders are described in detail.

Section snippets

A short praise of the Standard Model

The end of the last millennium witnessed the triumph of the Standard Model (SM) of the electroweak and strong interactions of elementary particles [1], [2]. The electroweak theory, proposed by Glashow, Salam and Weinberg [1] to describe the electromagnetic [3] and weak [4] interactions between quarks and leptons, is based on the gauge symmetry group SU(2)_L×U(1)_Y of weak left-handed isospin and hypercharge. Combined with Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) [2], the theory of the strong interactions

The SM of the strong and electroweak interactions

In this section, we present a brief introduction to the Standard Model of the strong and electroweak interactions and to the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking. This will allow us to set the stage and to fix the notation which will be used later on. For more detailed discussions, we refer the reader to standard textbooks [17] or reviews [18].

Decays of the SM Higgs boson

In the Standard Model, once the Higgs mass is fixed, the profile of the Higgs particle is uniquely determined. The Higgs couplings to gauge bosons and fermions are directly proportional to the masses of the particles and the Higgs boson will have the tendency to decay into the heaviest ones allowed by phase space. Since the pole masses of the gauge bosons and fermions are known [the electron and light quark masses are too small to be relevant] $M_{Z} = 91.187 GeV, M_{W} = 80.425 GeV, m_{τ} = 1.777 GeV, m_{μ} = 0.106 GeV,$ $m_{t}$

Generalities about hadron colliders

The $p \bar{p}$ collider¹⁹ Tevatron at Fermilab is the highest-energy accelerator available today. In the previous Run I, the collider was operating at an energy of $\sqrt{s} = 1.8$ TeV in the $p \bar{p}$ center of mass, and from both the CDF and DØ experiments data corresponding to about $\int L d t \sim 100 {pb}^{- 1}$ of integrated luminosity has been collected.²⁰

Generalities about $e^{+} e^{-}$ colliders

The $e^{+} e^{-}$ collision [452] is a very simple reaction, with a well-defined initial state and rather simple topologies in the final state. It has a favorable signal to background ratio, leading to a very clean experimental environment which allows one to easily search for new phenomena and to perform very high-precision studies as has been shown at PEP/PETRA/TRISTAN and more recently at SLC and LEP. In particular, the high-precision studies of the properties of the $Z$ boson at LEP1 and SLC, and the

Summary

The search for Higgs bosons is the main mission of present and future high-energy colliders. The observation of these particles is of major importance for the present understanding of the interactions of the fundamental particles and the generation of their masses. In fact, despite its numerous successes in explaining the present data, our Standard Model of the electroweak and strong forces will not be completely validated before this particle has been experimentally observed and its predicted

Acknowledgments

I would first like to thank the many collaborators with whom I shared the pleasure in investigating various aspects of the theme discussed in this review. They are too numerous to be all listed here, but I would like at least to mention Peter Zerwas with whom I started to work on the subject in an intensive way.

I would also like to thank the many colleagues and friends who helped me during the writing of this review and who made important remarks on the preliminary versions of the manuscript

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The anatomy of electroweak symmetry breaking: Tome I: The Higgs boson in the Standard Model

Abstract

Section snippets

A short praise of the Standard Model

The SM of the strong and electroweak interactions

Decays of the SM Higgs boson

Generalities about hadron colliders

Generalities about e+e− colliders

Summary

Acknowledgments

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Phys. Rev.

Phys. Lett.

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J. Phys. G

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Phys. Rev. D

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Generalities about $e^{+} e^{-}$ colliders