Propriétés mécaniques des membranes de collagène

doi:10.1016/j.stomax.2010.10.006

Revue de Stomatologie et de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale

Volume 111, Issues 5–6, November–December 2010, Pages 286-290

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stomax.2010.10.006 Get rights and content

Résumé

Introduction

La rupture peropératoire d’une membrane de collagène est une source potentielle de complications et de perte d’efficacité. Le but de notre travail était de déterminer expérimentalement les propriétés mécaniques (module de Young, courbe force/déformation, allongement à la rupture) de trois membranes de collagène utilisées en régénération osseuse guidée. Ces propriétés et l’isotropie ont été comparées sur des échantillons secs et humides.

Matériel et méthode

Des éprouvettes standardisées ont été taillées dans trois membranes (Biomend Extend^® [Zimmer Dental™], Bio-Gide^® [Geitslich™], Neonem^® [TBR™]), dans le sens de la longueur et de la largeur. Elles ont été mises en charge sur une machine de traction ElectroForce^® 3230 Instrument (Bose™) à l’état sec et humidifié (trempage de 10 minutes dans du sérum physiologique à 37 °C). Les courbes force/déformation ont été analysées pour restituer les différentes valeurs mécaniques.

Résultats

Aucune anisotropie franche n’a été notée. Les membranes Biomend Extend^® ont été significativement les plus résistantes à l’état sec et à l’état humide. L’humidification des membranes a beaucoup diminué les propriétés mécaniques de toutes les membranes.

Discussion

Les propriétés mécaniques des membranes de collagène sont extrêmement différentes d’une membrane à l’autre. L’humidification, inévitable in vivo, altère beaucoup leurs propriétés mécaniques. Ces données peuvent être intégrées dans le choix d’une membrane.

Summary

Objectives

The peroperative rupture of a collagen membrane is a potential cause of complications and loss of effectiveness. The purpose of our study was to determine experimentally the mechanical properties (Young modulus, stress-strain curve, tensile strength) of three collagen membranes used in guided bone regeneration. These properties and isotropy were compared on dry and damp samples.

Methods

Standardized samples were tailored in three different membranes (Biomend Extend^® [Zimmer Dental™], Bio-Gide^® [Geitslich™] Neonem^® [TBR™]) in two orthogonal orientations. They were then anchored on an ElectroForce^® 3230 Instrument (Bose™) traction machine in a dry and wet state (soaking during 10 minutes in saline at 37 °C). The strain curves were analyzed to obtain the various mechanical values.

Results

No anisotropy was observed. The Biomend Extend^® membranes were significantly more resistant in dry and damp states than others.

Discussion

The mechanical properties of collagen membranes are very different from one to another. Moistening of the membranes, unavoidable in vivo, considerably alters their mechanical properties. This data should be taken into consideration when choosing a membrane.

Introduction

L’utilisation de membranes biologiques résorbables est d’usage courant en chirurgie pré-implantaire. Le but de ces membranes est de favoriser le processus de régénération osseuse guidée en isolant provisoirement le site opératoire pour éviter la colonisation par les fibroblastes [1], [2]. Les propriétés physico-chimiques de la matrice de collagène favorisent l’hémostase et la cicatrisation [3], [4].

Les caractéristiques biologiques des ces membranes (biocompatibilité, risque de transmission d’agents infectieux, origine allogénique ou hétérogénique, courbe de résorption) sont généralement indiquées par le fabriquant. Leurs caractéristiques mécaniques (courbes force/déformation, allongement à la rupture, module de Young [E], iso-ou anisotropie) sont le plus souvent totalement ignorées alors qu’elles ont leur importance lors des manipulations et de la mise en place.

Le but de notre travail était de définir les propriétés mécaniques des trois membranes les plus utilisées dans notre service : membrane Biomend Extend^® (Zimmer Dental™, Rungis, France), la membrane Bio-Gide^® (Geitslich™, Wolhusen, Suisse) et la membrane Neonem^® (TBR™, Toulouse, France).

Section snippets

Matériel et méthode

Les tests mécaniques ont été effectués dans le laboratoire de mécanique appliquée de l’université de Franche-Comté à l’aide d’une machine de test de traction ElectroForce^® 3230 Instrument (Bose™, Eden Prairie, Minnesota, États-Unis) munie d’une chambre de température paramétrée à 37 °C et possédant une amplitude de mise en charge allant d’un mN à 450 N (fig. 1). Les déplacements ont été évalués à l’aide de deux capteurs d’une amplitude respective de 2 mm et de 6,5 mm. La vitesse de déplacement a

Résultats

Les courbes contrainte/déformation des tests sont représentées, pour chacune des trois membranes, dans les Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6. Les courbes obtenues pour les différents échantillons ont été superposables en ce qui concerne les membranes Biomend^® et Bio-Gide^® mais plus variables concernant la membrane Neonem^®.

La fig. 7 présente les résultats des tests d’isotropie. Les valeurs de n (Emax/Emin) ont été proches de 1 (1,1 à 1,5), excluant l’existence d’une anisotropie marquée pour les trois

Discussion

Les propriétés mécaniques de membranes de collagène utilisées dans le cadre de la régénération osseuse guidée sont rarement indiquées par les fabricants. Ces données peuvent participer au choix d’une membrane. Une déchirure peropératoire complexifie le geste opératoire (difficulté de fixation, d’enfouissement…) et peut altérer les propriétés de barrière biologique et mécanique.

Notre étude montre que ces propriétés varient d’une membrane à l’autre et qu’il ne suffit pas de les manipuler à l’état

Conflit d’intérêt

Aucun.

Références (4)

J.M. Payne et al.
Migration of human gingival fibroblasts over guided tissue regeneration barrier materials
J Periodontol
(1996)
L. Marinucci et al.
In vitro comparison of bioabsorbable and non-resorbable membranes in bone regeneration
J Periodontol
(2001)

There are more references available in the full text version of this article.

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Article originalPropriétés mécaniques des membranes de collagèneMechanical properties of collagen membranes used in guided bone regeneration: A comparative study of three models

Résumé

Introduction

Matériel et méthode

Résultats

Discussion

Summary

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Introduction

Section snippets

Matériel et méthode

Résultats

Discussion

Conflit d’intérêt

Migration of human gingival fibroblasts over guided tissue regeneration barrier materials

J Periodontol

In vitro comparison of bioabsorbable and non-resorbable membranes in bone regeneration

J Periodontol

Article original
Propriétés mécaniques des membranes de collagèneMechanical properties of collagen membranes used in guided bone regeneration: A comparative study of three models