Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-45l2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T01:08:28.296Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The paleoclimate of the eastern desert of Jordan during marine isotope stage 9

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Abdulkader M. Abed ,
Suha Yasin ,
Rushdi Sadaqa  and
Zayed Al-Hawari
Abdulkader M. Abed*
Affiliation:
Department of Applied and Environmental Geology, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
Suha Yasin
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Authority, P. O. Box 7, Amman, Jordan
Rushdi Sadaqa
Affiliation:
Department of Applied and Environmental Geology, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
Zayed Al-Hawari
Affiliation:
Department of Applied and Environmental Geology, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
*
*Corresponding author.E-mail address:aabed@ju.edu.jo (A.M. Abed).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Two Cardium horizons from the topmost Azraq Formation in the eastern desert of Jordan were investigated and dated by U/Th at 330 ka; MIS 9. Fossil diversity and abundance, especially for Charophytes and gastropods with the absence of palygorskite, dolomite and evaporites, suggest the presence of a fresh water lake changing to a brackish environment at certain time intervals. A lake or possibly several smaller and shallower lakes occupied an area of about 50 km wide within the Azraq Basin. The present-day arid climate cannot support the presence of lakes in the eastern desert of Jordan, and thus MIS 9 in Jordan must have been much wetter. The source of humidity was most probably more intense Mediterranean cyclones associated with warmer than present MIS 9. However, the possibility of summer monsoon rain from the south cannot be fully excluded.

Keywords

PaleoclimateJordanMIS 9QuaternaryUmariAzraqEastern desert of Jordan
Type
Original Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 69 , Issue 3 , May 2008 , pp. 458 - 468
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abboud, I.A., (2000). Palaeoenvironment, Palaeoclimate, and Palaeohydrology of Burqu' Basin, Al-Badia, NE Jordan. Ph.D. Thesis, Baghdad University, .Google Scholar
Abed, A.M., (1983). Paleoclimates of the Upper Pleistocene in the Jordan Rift. Proc. 2nd. Intern. Cong. Archeol. Jord. vol. 2, 81–95.Google Scholar
Abed, A.M., (1985). Geology of the Damya formation. Dirasat 12, 99–108.Google Scholar
Abed, A.M., (2002). An overview of inland sabkhas in Jordan: the Taba Sabkha, southern Wadi Araba. Bart Boer, , Sabkha Ecosystems. Kluwer, 83–97.,The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Abed, A.M., (2005). Long term cycles: a case study from the Arabian Nubian craton. Mabesoone, J.M., Neumann, V.H., Cyclic Development of the Sedimentary Basins. Developments in Sedimentology vol. 57, Elsevier, Amsterdam., 285–311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abed, A.M., Yaghan, R., (2000). On The Paleoclimate of Jordan During the Last Glacial Maximum. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 160, 23–33.Google Scholar
Abed, A.M., Carbonel, P., Collina-Girard, J., Fontugne, M., Petit-Maire, N., Reyss, J.C., Yasin, S., (2000). Un Paléolac du Dernier Interglaciaire Pléistocène Dans l'Extrême-Sud Hyperarid de la Jordanie. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences. Série 2. Sciences de la Terre et des Planétes 330, 259–264.Google Scholar
Abed, A.M., Arouri, K.R., Boreham, C.J., (2005). Source rock potential of the phosphorite-bituminous chalk-marl sequence in Jordan. Marine and Petroleum Geology 22, 413–425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, G.O., (1950). British Stoneworts (Charophyta). Haslemere Natural History Society. Buncle and Company, Arbroath, Buncle., .Google Scholar
Al-Sayari, S.S., Zötl, J.G., (1978). The Quaternary Period in Saudi Arabia. Springer, Vien.Google Scholar
Arz, H.W., Lamy, F., Paetzold, J., Mueller, P.J., Prins, M., (2003). Mediterranean moisture source for an early Holocene humid period in the northern Red Sea. Science 300, 118–122.Google Scholar
Ayed, R., (1986). Surface Water Resources in the Azraq Basin. Unpubl. Report, Water Authority, Amman. Jordan, .Google Scholar
Bender, F., (1974). Geology of Jordan. Borntraeger, Berlin.Google Scholar
Brasier, M.D., (1980). Microfossils. George Allen & Unwin, .Google Scholar
Bertholon, L., (1994). Les Heterochronies Du Developpement Chex Les Ostracodes. These, Unviersite Montpellier II.Google Scholar
Burne, R.V., Bauld, J., De Deckker, P., (1980). Saline Lake Charophytes and their geological significance. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 50, 281–293.Google Scholar
Carbonel, P., Pujos, M., (1982). Les Variations Architecturales Des Microfaunes du Lac de Tunis. Relations Avec L'environnement.Oceanologica Acta, Paris, N°Spec. 79–85.Google Scholar
Chamley, H., (1989). Clay Sedimentology. Springer, Berlin., .Google Scholar
Clarkson, E.N.R., (1986). Invertebrate Palaeontology and Evolution. Allen & Unwin, .Google Scholar
COHMAP Members, , (1988). Climatic changes of the last 18,000 years: observations and model simulations. Science 241, 1043–1052.Google Scholar
Colin, J., Carbonel, P., Olteanu, R., (1990). A review on the paleobiogeography and paleoecology of the closest groups of Cytherissa: from the Mesozoic Fabanella and Vernoniella to the Cenozoic Cyprideis . Bulletin De L'institut de Géologie du Bassin D'aquitaine, N° 47, 119–133.Google Scholar
Core Lab, , (1987). Azraq Basin study. Internal Report for the Natural Resources Authority. Amman, .Google Scholar
Dautzenberg, P.B., Dollfuss, G., (1886). Mollusques marins du Roussillon. Paris, .Google Scholar
Davies, C.P., (2000). Reconstruction of Paleoenvironments from Lacustrine Deposits of the Jordan Plateau. Ph.D Thesis. Arizona State University, .Google Scholar
De Dekker, P., Chivas, A.R., Shelley, J.M.G., Torgersen, T., (1988). Ostracode shell chemistry: a new palaeoenvironmental indicator applied to A regressive/transgressive record from the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 66, 231–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeMenocal, P., Ortiz, J., Guilderson, T., Adkins, J., Sarntein, M., Baker, L., Yarusinky, M., (2000). Abrupt onset and termination of the African humid period: rapid climate responses and gradual insolation forcing. Quaternary Series Reviews 19, 347–361.Google Scholar
Dodd, R., Stanton, R.J.J.R., (1990). Paleoecology, Concepts and Applications. Wiley Interscience Publications, New York., .Google Scholar
Emeis, K.-C., Schulz, H.-M., Struck, U., Sakamoto, T., Doose, H., Erlenkeuser, H., Howell, M., Kroon, D., Paterne, M., (1998). Stable isotope and alkenone temperature records of sapropels from sites 964 and 967: constraining the physical environment of sapropel formation in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (Section 26). Robertson, A.H.F., Emeis, K.-C., Richter, C., Camerlenghi, A., Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Vol. 160. Ocean Drilling Program, College Station TX., .CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emeis, C., Sakamoto, T., Wehausen, R., Brumsack, H., (2000). The sapropel record of the eastern Mediterranean Sea - results of Ocean Drilling Program Leg 160. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 158, 371–395.Google Scholar
Fairbridge, R.W., Jablonski, D., (1979). The Encyclopedia of Paleontology. Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, .Google Scholar
Feist, M., Lake, R.D., Wood, C.J., (1995). Charophyte biostratigraphy of the Purbeck and Wealden of Southern England. Palaeontology 38, 407–442.Google Scholar
Fietzke, J., Liebetrau, V., Eisenhauer, A., Dullo, Ch., (2005). Determination of uranium isotope ratios by multi-static MIC-ICP-MS: Method and implementation for precise U- and Th-series isotope measurements. JAAS 20, 395–401.Google Scholar
Fleitmann, D., Burns, S., Neff, U., Mangini, A., Matter, A., (2003). Changing moisture sources over the last 330,000 years in Northern Oman from fluid-inclusion evidence in speleothems. Quaternary Research 60, 223–232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaillard, J.M., Testud, A.M., (1980). Comparative study of Quaternary and present-day lagoon populations of Cardium glaucum (Syn. Cerastoderma glaucum (Bruguiere)) Mollusca, Bivalvia. Salem, M.J., Busrewil, M.T., The Geology of Libya. Academic Press, London., 809–814.,III.Google Scholar
Gasse, F., (2000). Hydrological changes in the African tropics since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews 19, 189–211.Google Scholar
Henry, D.O., (1986). The prehistory and paleoenvironments of Jordan: an overview. Paleoorient 12, 5–26.Google Scholar
Hodell, D.A., Charles, C.D., Ninnemann, U.S., (2000). Comparison of interglacial stages in the South Atlantic section of the southern ocean for the past 450 kyr: implications for Marine Isotope stage (MIS) 11. Global and Planetary Change 24, 7–26.Google Scholar
Huckriede, R., Wiesemann, G., (1968). Der Jungpleistozane Pluvial-See Von El Jafr und Weitere Daten Zum Quartar Jordaniens. Geologica et Palaeontologica 2, 73–95.,Marburg.Google Scholar
Ibrahim, K., (1996). The regional geology of Al Azraq area (Map Sheet No. 35531). Natural Resources Authority, Bulletin 36, 67p, Jordan Meteorological Department web site, http://www.jmd.gov.jo.Google Scholar
Jones, T.R., (1857). A monograph of the tertiary Entomostraca of England. Palaeontographical Society London 68p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jorissen, F.J., Buzas, M.A., Culver, S.J., Kuehl, S.A., (1994). Vertical distribution of living benthic Foraminifera in submarine canyons off New Jersey. Journal of Foraminifera Research 24, 28–36.Google Scholar
Khoury, H., (2002). Clays and Clay Minerals in Jordan. Deanship of Scientific Research, 4/2002. University of Jordan, Amman.Google Scholar
Khoury, H., (2003). Diatomite and Diatomaceous Earth (Kieselguhr) In El-Azraq Depression. University of Jordan, Jordan., .Google Scholar
Kroon, D., Reijmer, J.J.G., Rendle, R., (2000). Mid- to late-Quaternary variations in the oxygen isotope signature of Globigerinoides ruber at site 1006 in the western subtropical Atlantic1. Swart, P.K., Eberli, G.P., Malone, M.J., Sarg, J.F., Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Vol. 166. Ocean Drilling Program, College Station TX., .Google Scholar
Larrasoana, J., Roberts, A., Rohling, E., Winklhofer, M., Wehausen, R., (2003). Three million years of monsoon variability over the northern Sahara. Climate Dynamics 21, 689–698.Google Scholar
Lehmann, U., Hillmer, G., (1983). Fossils Invertebrates. Cambridge University Press, .Google Scholar
Linnaeus, C., (1758). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. G. Engelmann (Lipsiae) 10, 1–824.Google Scholar
Liu, Z., Otto-Bliesner, B., Kutzbach, J., Li, L., Shields, C., (2003). Coupled climate simulation of the evolution of global monsoon in the Holocene. Journal of Climate 16, 2472–2490.Google Scholar
McClure, H.A., (1976). Radiocarbon chronology of the late Quaternary lakes in the Arabian Desert. Nature 263, 755–756.Google Scholar
Moumani, K.A., (1996). Quaternary Sediments of the Jurf Ed Darawish Area Central Jordan. Thesis, University of Wales, .Google Scholar
Murray, J., (1991). Ecology and Palaeoecology of Benthic Foraminifera. Longman Scientific, .Google Scholar
Neev, D., Emery, K.O., (1995). The Destruction of Sodom, Gomorrah and Jericho. Oxford University Press, New York., .Google Scholar
Petit, J.R., Jouzel, J., Raynaud, D., Barkove, N.I., Bamola, J.M., Basile, I., Bender, M., Chappellaz, J., Davis, M., De Laygue, G., Delmotte, M., Kotlyakov, V.M., Lefrand, M., Lipenkov, V.Y., Lorius, C., Pepin, L., Ritz, C., Saltzman, E., Stievenard, M., (1999). Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica. Nature 399, 429–436.Google Scholar
Petit-Maire, N., Casta, L., Delibrias, G., (1980). Preliminary data on Quaternary paleolacustrine deposits in the Wadi Ash Shati, Libya. Salem, M.J., Busrewil, M.T., The Geology of Libya vol. 3, Academic Press, 797–807.Google Scholar
Petit-Maire, N., Sanlaville, P., Abed, A.M., Yasin, S., Bourrouilh, R., Carbonel, P., Fontugne, M., Reyss, J., (2002). New data for an Emian lacustrine phase in Southern Jordan. Episodes 25, 279–280.Google Scholar
Plaziat, J.C., Younis, W.R., (2005). The modern environments of molluscs in Southern Mesopotamia, Iraq: a guide to paleogeographical reconstructions of Quaternary fluvial, palustrine and marine deposits. Notebooks On Geology, Brest, Article 2005/01 (CG2005_A01) .Google Scholar
Powell, J.H., (1989). Stratigraphy and sedimentation of the Phanerozoic rocks in central and south Jordan, part B. Natural Resources Authority, Bulletin 11, .Google Scholar
Qa'adan, M., (1992). Mineralogy and Origin of the Recent Deposits of the Azraq Depression. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Jordan, .Google Scholar
Rabba'a, I., (1998). The Geology of Al Umari (Abar Al Hazim) (Map Sheet No. 3453-III). Natural Resources Authority, Bulletin 43, .Google Scholar
Rosso, J.C., (1983). Mollusques. Petit-Maire, N., Riser, J., Sahara ou Sahel? Quaternaire Récent du Bassin de Taoudenni (Mali). CNRS, Marseille., 157–172.Google Scholar
Sanlaville, P., (2000). Le Moyen-Orient arabe. Armando Colin, Paris., .Google Scholar
Scholtena, J.C., Fietzkea, J., Manginib, I.A., Stoffersa, P., Rixenc, T., Gaye- Haaked, B., Blanze, T., Ramaswamyf, V., Sirockog, F., Schulzh, H., Ittekkot, V., (2005). Radionuclide fluxes in the Arabian Sea: the role of particle composition. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 230, 319–337.Google Scholar
Tucker, M., (1996). Sedimentary Petrology. 3rd Ed. Blackwell Science, Oxford., .Google Scholar
Turner, B.R., Makhlouf, I., (2005). Quaternary sandstones, northeast Jordan: age, depositional environments and climatic implications. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 229, 230–250.Google Scholar
Van-Morkhoven, F.P.C.M., (1962). Post-Paleozoic Ostracoda. Volume I: General and Volume II: Generic Descriptions. Elsevier, Amsterdam., .Google Scholar
Whatley, R., Maybury, C., (1990). Ostracoda and Global Events. Chapman and Hall, .Google Scholar
Wetzel, R., Morton, D.M., (1959). Contribution A la Geologie de la Transjordanie. Dubertret, , Notes et Momoir sur le Moyen Orient, VII. 95–191.Google Scholar
Yan, Z.W., Petit-Maire, N., (1994). The last 140 ka in the Afro-Asian climatic transitional zone. Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology 110, 217–233.Google Scholar
Yasin, S., (1992). Depositional environment of Wadi Es Sir Formation (Turonian)in Azraq Basin. Jordan. M. Sc. Thesis, Univ. of Jordan, .Google Scholar
Yasin, S., (2001). Quaternary Paleolimnology in the Mudawwara Area (Southern Jordan, 29° N), Paleoclimatic Implications. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Jordan, .Google Scholar
Zhuo, Z., Baoyin, Y., Petit-Maire, N., (1998). Paleoenvironments in China during the last glacial maximum and the Holocene optimum. Episodes 21, 152–158.Google Scholar