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Fitness costs associated with thiamethoxam and imidacloprid resistance in three field populations of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) from Florida

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2020

Xue Dong Chen
Affiliation:
Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment station Rd, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
Timothy A. Ebert
Affiliation:
Horticulture Department, University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment station, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
Kirsten S. Pelz-Stelinski
Affiliation:
Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment station Rd, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
Lukasz L. Stelinski*
Affiliation:
Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment station Rd, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Lukasz L. Stelinski, Email: stelinski@ufl.edu

Abstract

Insecticide resistance is an increasing problem in citrus production. The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphornia citri Kuwayama, is recognized as one of the most important citrus pests worldwide and it has developed resistance in areas where insecticides have been overused. The development of insecticide resistance is often associated with fitness costs that only become apparent in the absence of selection pressure. Here, the fitness costs associated with resistance to thiamethoxam and imidacloprid were investigated in three agricultural populations of D. citri as compared with susceptible laboratory colonies. Results showed that all field populations had greater resistance than laboratory susceptible colonies. For both thiamethoxam and imidacloprid, a Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus-positive (CLas+) colony was more susceptible than the CLas colony. Resistance ratios ranged from 7.65–16.11 for imidacloprid and 26.79–49.09 for thiamethoxam in field populations as compared with a susceptible, CLas laboratory strain. Among three resistant field populations, a significantly reduced net reproductive rate and finite rate of population increase were observed in a population from Lake Wales, FL as compared to both susceptible strains. The fecundity of field populations from Lake Wales, FL was statistically lower than both laboratory susceptible populations. Certain changes in morphological characteristics were observed among resistant, as compared, with susceptible strains. Our data suggest fitness disadvantages associated with insecticide resistance in D. citri are related to both development and reproduction. The lower fitness of D. citri populations that exhibit resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides should promote recovery of sensitivity when those populations are no longer exposed to thiamethoxam and/or imidacloprid in the field. The results are congruent with a strategy of insecticide rotation for resistance management.

Type
Research Paper
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2020

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