Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-9pm4c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T21:35:27.953Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Weather, Stock Returns, and the Impact of Localized Trading Behavior

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Tim Loughran
Affiliation:
loughran.9@nd.edu, Mendoza College of Business, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame IN 46556.
Paul Schultz
Affiliation:
schultz.19@nd.edu, Mendoza College of Business, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame IN 46556.

Abstract

We document by several methods that trading in Nasdaq stocks is localized, but find little evidence that cloudy weather in the city in which a company is based affects its returns. The first evidence of localized trading is that the time zone of a company's headquarters affects intraday trading patterns in its stock. Second, firms in blizzard-struck cities see a dramatic trading volume drop compared to firms in other cities. Third, the Yom Kippur holiday dampens trading volume in companies located in cities with high Jewish populations. Despite the strong evidence of localized trading, cloudy conditions near the firm's headquarters do not provide profitable trading opportunities.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © School of Business Administration, University of Washington 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Jewish Year Book. The American Jewish Committee, New York, NY, and the Jewish Publication Society, Philadelphia, PA (1991).Google Scholar
Avery, D. H.; Bolte, M. A.; Dager, S. R.; Wilson, L. G.; Weyer, M.; Cox, G. B.; and Dunner, D. L.. “Dawn Simulation Treatment of Winter Depression: A Controlled Study.” American Journal of Psychiatry, 150 (1993), 113117.Google Scholar
Bagby, R. M.; Schuller, D. R.; Levitt, A. J.; Joffe, R. T.; and Harkness, K. L.. “Seasonal and Nonseasonal Depression and the Five-Factor Model of Personality.” Journal of Affective Disorders, 38 (1996), 8995.Google Scholar
Barclay, M., and Warner, J.. “Stealth Trading and Volatility: Which Trades Move Prices?Journal of Financial Economics, 34 (1993), 281305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, R.; Gompers, P.; and Vuolteenho, T.. “Who Underreacts to Cash Flow News? Evidence from Trading between Individuals and Institutions.” Working Paper, Harvard Univ. (2001).Google Scholar
Cohen, R. M.; Gross, M.; Nordahl, T. E.; Semple, W. E.; Oren, D. A.; and Rosenthal, N.. “Preliminary Data on the Metabolic Brain Pattern of Patients with Seasonal Affective Disorder.” Archives of General Psychiatry, 49 (1992), 545552.Google Scholar
Coval, J., and Moskowitz, T.. “Home Bias at Home: Local Equity Preference in Domestic Portfolios.” Journal of Finance, 54 (1999), 20452073.Google Scholar
Coval, J., and Moskowitz, T.. “The Geography of Investment: Informed Trading and Asset Prices.” Journal of Political Economy, 109 (2001), 811841.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frieder, L., and Subrahmanyam, A.. “Non-secular Regularities in Stock Returns: The Impact of the High Holy Days on the U.S. Equity Market.” Working Paper, Univ. of California at Los Angeles (2002).Google Scholar
Goetzmann, W., and Zhu, N.. “Rain or Shine: Where is the Weather Effect?” Working Paper, Yale Univ. (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grinblatt, M., and Keloharju, M.. “How Distance, Language and Culture Influence Stockholdings and Trades.” Journal of Finance, 56 (2001), 10531073.Google Scholar
Hasbrouck, J.Measuring the Information Content of Stock Prices.” Journal of Finance, 46 (1991), 179207.Google Scholar
Hirshleifer, D., and Shumway, T.. “Good Day Sunshine: Stock Returns and the Weather.” Journal of Finance, 58 (2003), 10091032.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howarth, E., and Hoffman, M. S.. “A Multidimensional Approach to the Relationship between Mood and Weather.” British Journal of Psychology, 75 (1984), 1523.Google Scholar
Huang, R., and Stoll, H.. “Dealer Versus Auction Markets: A Paired Comparison of Execution Costs on NASDAQ and the NYSE.” Journal of Financial Economics, 41 (1996), 313357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huberman, G.Familiarity Breeds Investment.” Review of Financial Studies, 14 (2001), 659680.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamstra, M.; Kramer, L.; and Levi, M.. “Winter Blues: A SAD Stock Market Cycle.” American Economic Review, 93 (2003), 324343.Google Scholar
Sanders, J. L., and Brizzolara, M. S.. “Relationships between Mood and Weather.” Journal of General Psychology, 107 (1982), 157158.Google Scholar
Saunders, E.Stock Prices and Wall Street Weather.” American Economic Review, 83 (1993), 13371345.Google Scholar
Schultz, P.Who Makes Markets?Journal of Financial Markets, 6 (2003), 4972.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trombley, M. A.Stock Price and Wall Street Weather: Additional Evidence.” Quarterly Journal of Business and Economics, 36 (1997), 1121.Google Scholar
White, H.A Heteroskedasticity-consistent Covariance Matrix Estimator and a Direct Test for Heteroskedasticity.” Econometrica, 48 (1980), 817838.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, R. J., and Schmidt, G. G.. “Frequency of Seasonal Affective Disorder among Individuals Seeking Treatment at a Northern Canadian Medical Health Center.” Psychiatry Research, 46 (1993), 4145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, N.The Local Bias of Individual Investors.” Working Paper, Yale Univ. (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar