Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-ttngx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-22T14:57:52.929Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Who Gains from Buying Bad Bidders?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 March 2014

David Offenberg
Affiliation:
doffenberg@lmu.edu, College of Business Administration, Loyola Marymount University, 1 LMU Dr MS 8385, Los Angeles, CA 90045
Miroslava Straska
Affiliation:
mstraska@vcu.edu
H. Gregory Waller
Affiliation:
hgwaller@vcu.edu, School of Business, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 844000, Richmond, VA 23284.

Abstract

We study the value gains from takeovers of firms with poor acquisition histories. We document that the premium received by target shareholders is higher when the value loss from the targets’ prior acquisitions is larger. However, the gains to target shareholders seem to be offset by losses to acquiring shareholders. The average announcement return to acquiring shareholders is negative and decreasing in the value loss from the targets’ prior acquisitions. Additionally, the combined acquirer-target value created in these takeovers is insignificant. These results suggest that the value lost from targets’ prior acquisitions is not recovered through changes in corporate control.

Type
Research Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Michael G. Foster School of Business, University of Washington 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agrawal, A., and Jaffe, J. F.. “Do Takeover Targets Underperform? Evidence from Operating and Stock Returns.” Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 38 (2003), 721746.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, J. W.; Lummer, S. L.; McConnell, J. J.; and Reed, D. K.. “Can Takeover Losses Explain Spin-Off Gains?Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 30 (1995), 465485.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, H. K.; Dutta, S.; Saadi, S.; and Zhu, P. C.. “Are Good Performers Bad Acquirers?” Working Paper, American University (2010).Google Scholar
Berger, P. G., and Ofek, E.. “Bustup Takeovers of Value-Destroying Diversified Firms.” Journal of Finance, 51 (1996), 11751200.Google Scholar
Bhagat, S.; Dong, M.; Hirshleifer, D.; and Noah, R.. “Do Tender Offers Create Value? New Methods and Evidence.” Journal of Financial Economics, 76 (2005), 360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Billett, M., and Qian, Y.. “Are Overconfident CEOs Born or Made? Evidence of Self-Attribution Bias from Frequent Acquirers.” Management Science, 54 (2008), 10371051.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, M.; Desai, A.; and Kim, E.. “Synergistic Gains from Corporate Acquisitions and Their Division between the Stockholders of Target and Acquiring Firms.” Journal of Financial Economics, 21 (1988), 340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, S. “Takeovers of Privately Held Targets, Methods of Payment, and Bidder Returns.” Journal of Finance, 53 (1998), 773784.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cremers, M. K. J., and Nair, V. B.. “Governance Mechanisms and Equity Prices.” Journal of Finance, 60 (2005), 28592894.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fama, E., and French, K.. “Industry Costs of Equity.” Journal of Financial Economics, 43 (1997), 153193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuller, K.; Netter, J.; and Stegemoller, M.. “What Do Returns to Acquiring Firms Tell Us? Evidence from Firms That Make Many Acquisitions.” Journal of Finance, 57 (2002), 17631793.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jensen, M. “Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow, Corporate Finance, and Takeovers.” American Economic Review, 76 (1986), 323329.Google Scholar
Kaplan, S. N., and Weisbach, M. S.. “The Success of Acquisitions: Evidence from Divestitures.” Journal of Finance, 47 (1992), 107138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lang, L. H. P.; Stulz, R. M.; and Walkling, R. A.. “Managerial Performance, Tobin’s Q, and the Gains from Successful Tender Offers.” Journal of Financial Economics, 24 (1989), 137154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lehn, K., and Zhao, M.. “CEO Turnover after Acquisitions: Are Bad Bidders Fired?Journal of Finance, 61 (2006), 17591811.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malmendier, U., and Tate, G.. “Who Makes Acquisitions? CEO Overconfidence and the Market’s Reaction.” Journal of Financial Economics, 89 (2008), 2043.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manne, H. “Mergers and the Market for Corporate Control.” Journal of Political Economy, 73 (1965), 110120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marris, R. “A Model of the ‘Managerial’ Enterprise.” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 77 (1963), 185209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masulis, R.; Wang, C.; and Xie, F.. “Corporate Governance and Acquirer Returns.” Journal of Finance, 62 (2007), 18511890.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitchell, M., and Lehn, K.. “Do Bad Bidders Become Good Targets?Journal of Political Economy, 98 (1990), 372398.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moeller, S.; Schlingemann, F.; and Stulz, R.. “Firm Size and the Gains from Acquisitions.” Journal of Financial Economics, 73 (2004), 201228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Offenberg, D. “Firm Size and the Effectiveness of the Market for Corporate Control.” Journal of Corporate Finance, 15 (2009), 6679.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Officer, M. “Termination Fees in Mergers and Acquisitions.” Journal of Financial Economics, 69 (2003), 431467.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roll, R. “The Hubris Hypothesis of Corporate Takeovers.” Journal of Business, 59 (1986), 197216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwert, G. W. “Markup Pricing in Mergers and Acquisitions.” Journal of Financial Economics, 41 (1996), 153192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Servaes, H. “Tobin’s Q and the Gains from Takeovers.” Journal of Finance, 46 (1991), 409419.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shleifer, A., and Vishny, R. W.. “Stock Market Driven Acquisitions.” Journal of Financial Economics, 70 (2003), 295311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Travlos, N. G. “Corporate Takeover Bids, Methods of Payment, and Bidding Firms’ Stock Returns.” Journal of Finance, 42 (1987), 943963.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, C., and Xie, F.. “Corporate Governance Transfer and Synergistic Gains from Mergers and Acquisitions.” Review of Financial Studies, 22 (2009), 829858.CrossRefGoogle Scholar