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An experimental study of the velocity distribution and transition to turbulence in the aorta

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 March 2006

R. M. Nerem ,
W. A. Seed  and
N. B. Wood
R. M. Nerem
Affiliation:
Physiological Flow Studies Unit, Imperial College, London Present address: Department of Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering, The Ohio State University.
W. A. Seed
Affiliation:
Physiological Flow Studies Unit, Imperial College, London
N. B. Wood
Affiliation:
Physiological Flow Studies Unit, Imperial College, London Present address: The Central Electricity Rosearch Laboratories, Leatherhead, Surrey.
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Abstract

The development and evaluation of a hot-film probe, suitable for use within arteries and operated with a commercial constant-temperature anemometer and linearizcr, is described. The performance of the system in the recording of arterial velocity wave forms is described, and instantaneous and time-averaged velocity profiles constructed from measurements in the thoracic aorta of dogs are presented. The profiles were blunt, with boundary layers estimated to be less than 2 mm thick throughout the cycle, and significant skews were observed, the explanation for which appears to lie in the influence of local geometry on the flow. A preliminary study of flow disturbances in the aorta based on visual observation of instantaneous velocity wave forms and frequency spectrum analysis is reported. The occurrence of flow disturbances and turbulence is shown to be related to peak Reynolds number and the frequency parameter α. The possible roles of free-stream disturbances and boundary-layer transition in generating these disturbances are discussed.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 52 , Issue 1 , 14 March 1972 , pp. 137 - 160
Copyright
© 1972 Cambridge University Press

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