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Unemployment as an Institutional Construct? Structural Differences in Non-Employment between Selected European Countries and the United States

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 September 2009

MARCEL ERLINGHAGEN  and
MATTHIAS KNUTH
MARCEL ERLINGHAGEN*
Affiliation:
Institut Arbeit und Qualifikation (IAQ), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
MATTHIAS KNUTH
Affiliation:
Institut Arbeit und Qualifikation (IAQ), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
*
*email: marcel.erlinghagen@uni-due.de
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Abstract

A comparison of unemployment rates in Germany, the Netherlands, France, Denmark, the UK and the United States suggests poor performance by the German labour market. The present study endeavours to show that a more sophisticated picture of unemployment can be drawn by taking into account additional forms of non-employment (such as incapacity, retirement or labour reserve). For this purpose, data from the ‘European Social Survey’ (ESS) and the survey ‘Citizenship, Involvement and Democracy’ collected in 2004 and 2005 have been analysed. While ‘unemployment’ plays a dominant role in Germany, people with comparable demographic characteristics and similar health status are more likely to identify themselves as ‘permanently sick or disabled’ and hence are classified thus in other countries. The results of this study underline that an international comparison of labour market performance, particularly a comparison of the effectiveness of labour market and social policy reforms, should not rely only on employment and unemployment rates. Taking alternate forms of non-employment into account can enhance one's knowledge and understanding of the functional differences between the labour markets in Europe and the United States.

Type
Article
Information
Journal of Social Policy , Volume 39 , Issue 1 , January 2010 , pp. 71 - 94
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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