Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vfjqv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T06:18:21.126Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Theorising free capital mobility: the perspective of developing countries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2011

Abstract

Using a simple economic model, this article illustrates the greatly diverging interests and preferences of developed and developing countries with regards to capital mobility. Theoretically, developed countries' gain from free capital mobility likely comes at the expense of risk and loss for developing countries due to the latter's financial vulnerability. It is also found that it does not pay for a developed country to push its developing counterparts into prematurely liberalising their capital markets because this type of impatience reduces the developed country's own first-mover advantage in strategic bargaining for capital mobility benefits.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © British International Studies Association 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Xafa, M., ‘Monetary Stability, Exchange Rate Regimes, and Capital Controls: What have we learned?’, Cato Journal, 28:2 (2008), pp. 237246Google Scholar ; Sheng, L. and Tsui, Y.M., ‘Casino Booms and Local Politics: The City of Macao’, Cities, 26:2 (2009), pp. 6773CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

2 Sheng, L., ‘Competing or Cooperating to Host Mega Events: A Simple Model’, Economic Modelling, 27:1 (2009), pp. 375379CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Kim, C., ‘Place Promotion and Symbolic Characterization of New Songdo City, South Korea’, Cities, 27:1 (2010), pp. 1319CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

3 Baines, A. C., ‘Capital Mobility, Perspectives and Central Bank Independence: Exchange Rate Policy since 1945’, Policy Sciences, 34:2 (2001), pp. 171193CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Musil, R., ‘Global Capital Control and City Hierarchies: An Attempt to Reposition Vienna in a World City Network’, Cities, 26:5 (2009), pp. 255265CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

4 Luo, J. and Tang, W. J., ‘Capital Openness and Financial Crises: A Financial Contagion Model with Multiple Equilibria’, Journal of Economic Policy Reform, 10:4 (2007), pp. 283296CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Campbell, T., ‘Learning Cities: Knowledge, Capacity and Competitiveness’, Habitat International, 33:2 (2009), pp. 195201CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

5 Huong, L. T. T. and Sajor, E. E., ‘Privatization, Democratic Reforms, and Micro-governance Change in a Transition Economy: Condominium Homeowner Associations in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam’, Cities, 27:1 (2010), pp. 2030CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Chou, K. L. and Chow, N. W. S., ‘The Roles of Human Capital and Social Capital in the Economic Integration of New Arrivals from Mainland China to Hong Kong’, Habitat International, 33:4 (2009), pp. 340346CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

6 Bird, G. and Rowlands, D., ‘Catalysing Private Capital Flows and IMF Programs: Some Remaining Questions’, Journal of Economic Policy Reform, 11:1 (2008), pp. 3743CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Özdemir, D., ‘Strategic Choice for Istanbul: A Domestic or International Orientation for Logistics?’, Cities, 27:3 (2010), pp. 154163CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

7 Bartolini, L. and Drazen, A., ‘When Liberal Policies Reflect External Shocks, What do We Learn?’, Journal of International Economics, 42:3/4 (1997), pp. 249273CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Kitano, S., ‘Capital Controls, Public Debt and Currency Crises’, Journal of Economics, 90:2 (2007), pp. 117142CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

8 Eichengreen, B., Leblang, D. and Wyplosz, C., ‘The Unstable EMS’, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1 (1993), pp. 51143CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Kiely, R., ‘Poverty Reduction through Liberalization? Neoliberalism and the Myth of Global Convergence’, Review of International Studies, 33 (2007), pp. 415434CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Mishkin, F. S., ‘Is Financial Globalization Beneficial?’, Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 39:2/3 (2007), pp. 259294CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

9 Furman, J. and Stiglitz, J. E., ‘Economic Crises: Evidence and Insights from East Asia’, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2 (1998), pp. 1114CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

10 Stiglitz, J. E., ‘Reforming the Global Economic Architecture: Lessons from the Recent Crises’, Journal of Finance, 54:4 (1999), pp. 15081521CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Stiglitz, J. E., ‘Capital Market Liberalization, Economic Growth and Instability’, World Development, 28:6 (2000), pp. 10751086CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Stiglitz, J. E., ‘Capital Market Liberalization and Exchange Rate Regimes: Risk without Reward’, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 579 (2002), pp. 219248CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

11 Modenesi, A. M. and Modenesi, R. L., ‘Capital Controls and Financial Liberalization: Removing the Ideological Bias’, Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 30:4 (2008), pp. 561582CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

12 Quinn, D. P. and Inclan, C., ‘The Origins of Financial Openness: A Study of Current and Capital Account Liberalization’, American Journal of Political Science, 41 (1997), pp. 771813CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Quinn, D. P. and Toyoda, A. M., ‘Ideology and Voter Preferences as Determinants of Financial Globalization’, American Journal of Political Science, 51 (2007), pp. 344363CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

13 Haggard, S., and Maxfield, S., ‘The Political Economy of Financial Internationalization in the Developing World’, International Organization, 50 (1996), pp. 3568CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Simmons, B. A. and Elkins, Z., ‘The Globalization of Liberalization: Policy Diffusion in the International Political Economy’, American Political Science Review, 98 (2004), pp. 171189CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

14 Rajan, R. and Zingales, L., ‘Financial Dependence and Growth’, American Economic Review, 88 (1998), pp. 559586Google Scholar .

15 Stiglitz, J. E., ‘Capital-Market Liberalization, Globalization, and the IMF’, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 20:1 (2004), pp. 5771CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

16 Henry, P. B., ‘Capital Account Liberalization: Theory, Evidence, and Speculation’, Journal of Economic Literature, XLV (2007), pp. 887935CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

17 Herzer, D., Klasen, S. and Nowak-Lehmann, F. D., ‘In Search of FDI-led Growth in Developing Countries: The Way Forward’, Economic Modelling, 25:5 (2008), pp. 793810CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

18 Alfaro, L., Chanda, A., Kalemli-Ozcan, S., and Sayek, S., ‘FDI and Economic Growth: The Role of Local Financial Markets’, Journal of International Economics, 64:1 (2004), pp. 89112CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Azman-Saini, W. N. W., Law, S. H. and Ahmad, A. H., ‘FDI and Economic Growth: New Evidence on the Role of Financial Markets’, Economics Letters, 107:2 (2010), pp. 211213CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Noorbakhsh, F., Paloni, A. and Youssef, A., ‘Human Capital and FDI Inflows to Developing Countries: New Empirical Evidence’, World Development, 29:9 (2001), pp. 15931610CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

19 Mody, A. and Murshid, A. P., ‘Growing up with Capital flows’, Journal of International Economics, 65:1 (2005), pp. 249266CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Chakraborty, C. and Rawlins, G., ‘Financial Resource Flows, Macro Policy Response, and the Socio-economic Environment: The Experience of Latin America and East Asia’, Journal of Socio-Economics, 33:4 (2004), pp. 469489CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

20 Fishlow, A., ‘Economic Development in the 1990s’, World Development, 22:12 (1994), pp. 18251832CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Hill, H., ‘Tiny, Poor and War-Torn: Development Policy Challenges for East Timor’, World Development, 29:7 (2001), pp. 11371156CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Dijkstra, A. G., ‘Trade Liberalization and Industrial Development in Latin America’, World Development, 28:9 (2000), pp. 15671582CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

21 Harvey, D., A Brief History of Neoliberalism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005)Google Scholar .

22 Dickens, P., ‘Society, Space and the Biotic Level: An Urban and Rural Sociology for the New Millennium’, Sociology, 34 (2000), pp. 147164CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

23 Castells, M., City, Class and Power (London: St. Martins Press, 1978)CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

24 Klein, N., The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2007)Google Scholar .

25 Phelps, N. A., ‘Suburbs for Nations? Some Interdisciplinary Connections on the Suburban Economy’, Cities, 27:2 (2010), pp. 6876CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Savitch, H. V., ‘What Makes a Great City Great? An American perspective’, Cities, 27:1 (2010), pp. 4249CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Sheng, L., ‘Foreign Investment and Urban Development: A Perspective from Tourist Cities’, Habitat International, 35:1 (2011), pp. 111117CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Sheng, L. and Tsui, Y. M., ‘A General Equilibrium Approach to Tourism and Welfare: The Case of Macao’, Habitat International, 33:4 (2009), pp. 419424CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Sheng, L. and Tsui, Y. M., ‘Foreign Investment and Welfare: A Small Tourism Economy Perspective’, Tourism Geographies, 12:2 (2010), pp. 173191CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

26 Edison, H. J. and Warnock, F. E., ‘Cross-Border Listings, Capital Controls, and Equity Flows to Emerging Markets’, Journal of International Money and Finance, 27 (2008), pp. 10131027CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

27 Aizenman, J., ‘Volatility, Employment and the Patterns of FDI in Emerging Markets’, Journal of Development Economics, 72:2 (2003), pp. 585601CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Aizenman, J., ‘Opposition to FDI and Financial Shocks’, Journal of Development Economics, 77:2 (2005), pp. 467476CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Tolentino, P. E., ‘Home Country Macroeconomic Factors and outward FDI of China and India’, Journal of International Management, 16:2 (2010), pp. 102120CrossRefGoogle Scholar : Yeyati, E. L., Panizza, U. and Stein, E., ‘The Cyclical Nature of North–South FDI flows’, Journal of International Money and Finance, 26 (2007), pp. 104130CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Frenkel, M., Funke, K. and Stadtmann, G., ‘A Panel Analysis of Bilateral FDI Flows to Emerging Economies’, Economic Systems, 28:3 (2004), pp. 281300CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

28 Luo, Y. D., Xue, Q. Z. and Han, B. J., ‘How Emerging Market Governments Promote outward FDI: Experience from China’, Journal of World Business, 45:1 (2010), pp. 6879CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

29 Aizenman, J. and Marion, N., ‘The Merits of Horizontal versus Vertical FDI in the Presence of Uncertainty’, Journal of International Economics, 62:1 (2004), pp. 125148CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Beugelsdijk, S., Smeets, R. and Zwinkels, R., ‘The Impact of Horizontal and Vertical FDI on Host's Country Economic Growth’, International Business Review, 17:4 (2008), pp. 452472CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Jinjarak, Y., ‘Foreign Direct Investment and Macroeconomic Risk’, Journal of Comparative Economics, 35:3 (2007), pp. 509519CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

30 Krugman, P., ‘Fire-sale FDI’, NBER Conference on Capital Flows to Emerging Markets (20–21 February 1998)Google Scholar .

31 Kottaridi, C. and Siourounis, G., ‘Modelling International Capital Structure under Foreign Macroeconomic Volatility’, Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 46:1/2 (2007), pp. 151162CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Umutlu, M., Akdeniz, L. and Altay-Salih, A., ‘The Degree of Financial Liberalization and Aggregated Stock-return Volatility in Emerging Markets’, Journal of Banking and Finance, 34 (2010), pp. 509521CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Trevino, L. J., Thomas, D. T. and Cullen, J., ‘The Three Pillars of Institutional Theory and FDI in Latin America: An Institutionalization Process’, International Business Review, 17:1 (2008), pp. 118133CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

32 Ding, S. and Knight, J., ‘Can the Augmented Solow model Explain China's Remarkable Economic Growth? A Cross-country Panel Data Analysis’, Journal of Comparative Economics, 37:3 (2009), pp. 432452CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

33 Miketa, A. and Mulder, P., ‘Energy Productivity across Developed and Developing Countries in 10 Manufacturing Sectors: Patterns of Growth andCconvergence’, Energy Economics, 27:3 (2005), pp. 429453CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

34 Schneider, P. H., ‘International Trade, Economic Growth and Intellectual Property Rights: A Panel Data Study of Developed and Developing Countries’, Journal of Development Economics, 78:2 (2005), pp. 529547CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

35 Ishise, H. and Sawada, Y., ‘Aggregate Returns to Social Capital: Estimates Based on the Augmented Solow model’, Journal of Macroeconomics, 31:3 (2009), pp. 376393CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Oduor, J., ‘Are Prior Restrictions on Factor Shares Appropriate in Growth Accounting Estimations?’, Economic Modelling, 27:2 (2010), pp. 595604CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; McDonald, S. and Roberts, J., ‘Growth and Multiple Forms of Human Capital in an Augmented Solow model: A Panel Data investigation’, Economics Letters, 74:2 (2002), pp. 271276CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

36 Ros, J., Development Theory and the Economics of Growth (Ann Arbor: Michigan University Press, 2000)Google Scholar .

37 Rubinstein, A., ‘Perfect Equilibrium in a Bargaining Model’, Econometrica, 50:1 (1982), pp. 97109CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

38 Green, J. R., Mas-Colell, A. and Whinston, M. D., Microeconomic theory (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), pp. 267310Google Scholar .

39 Moon, C. W. and Lado, A. A., ‘Mnc-host Government Bargaining Power Relationship: A Critique and Extension within the Resource-based View’, Journal of Management, 26:1 (2000), pp. 85117CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Satchi, M. and Temple, J., ‘Labor Markets and Productivity in Developing Countries’, Review of Economic Dynamics, 12:1 (2009), pp. 183204CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; Lee, J. R., Chen, W. R. and Kao, C., ‘Bargaining Power and the Trade-off between the Ownership and Control of International Joint Ventures in China’, Journal of International Management, 4:4 (1998), pp. 353385CrossRefGoogle Scholar .

40 Özkaynak, B., ‘Globalisation and Local Resistance: Alternative City Developmental Scenarios on Capital's Global Frontier – The Case of Yalova, Turkey’, Progress in Planning, 70:2 (2008), pp. 4597CrossRefGoogle Scholar ; McCleery, R. K. and Paolis, F. D., ‘The Washington Consensus: A Post-mortem’, Journal of Asian Economics, 19:5/6 (2008), pp. 438446CrossRefGoogle Scholar .