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Poly(ethylene oxide)/Silica Nanocomposites:  Structure and Rheology

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School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
Cite this: Langmuir 2002, 18, 26, 10435–10442
Publication Date (Web):November 21, 2002
https://doi.org/10.1021/la026338j
Copyright © 2002 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

    The effects of polymer−particle and particle−particle interactions on viscoelastic properties of nanocomposite materials are investigated using narrow molecular weight distribution poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) containing isotropic silica nanospheres. Nanocomposites are prepared using a “freeze-drying” method to guarantee homogeneous dispersion of silica. The dispersion state of silica nanospheres is characterized by atomic force microscopy phase contrast imaging, and mechanical rheometry is used to study relaxation dynamics and viscoelastic properties of these materials in the melt state. Linear viscoelastic data indicate a transition to a solidlike response at low oscillation frequencies for particle volume fractions φ as low as 2%, dramatically lower than the theoretical percolation threshold (φ ∼ 30%). Nanoparticle volume fraction, surface chemistry, and PEO molecular weight are all found to strongly influence nanocomposite structure and dynamics. A filler networking mechanism, wherein nanosized silica particles surrounded by an immobilized shell of PEO are bridged by much larger polymer molecules, is proposed to explain our observations.

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