Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Larval development of the back keeled mullet Liza carinata

  • Published:
Hydrobiologia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The sex ratio of the fish used in this study, was 1:1.5 females to males. Natural spawning of the keelback mullet, Liza carinata, in captivity was possible and occurred between December and February. The mean fertilized egg diameter of L. carinata was 0.8±.051 mm. Hatching took place after 36 h at 23°C. The mean total length of the just-hatched larvae was 2.0±0.179 mm. Larval developmental stages, growth, and morphological changes of L. carinata were described on the basis of a series of specimens (391 in total) reared from days 1 to 89 after hatching. Details of the larval developmental stages were drawn and photographed, with special reference being taken of morphological transformations. Larvae completed yolk absorption on the sixth day after hatching, and opened their mouths on day 4. Notochord flexion started on the sixteenth day at 5.0 mm total length. Transformation from larval to juvenile stage occurred between days 30 and 51 after hatching. The maximum size of larvae and the minimum size of juveniles which appeared during the transitional period were 19 and 9.9 mm TL, respectively. By day 51, all the larvae had changed into juveniles with a mean TL of 29.3±6.429 mm. The juveniles started to change into young adults with three anal spines by day 88 at a TL of 62 mm.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abou-Seedo, F. S. & H. Y. Al-Khatib, 1995. A histological and macroscopic study of ovarian development in the gray mullet, Liza carinata (Valenciennes 1836). J. Univ. Kuwait (Sci.) 22: 239–254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albertini-Berhaut, J., 1987. The intestine of Mugilidae (Pisces; Teleostei) at different growth stages, I. Morphological and histological aspects. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 3(1): 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Khatib, H. Y., 1986. The reproductive biology of the mullet Liza carinata (Valenciennes, 1836), M.S. thesis, Kuwait University, Kuwait: 224 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, W. W., 1957. Early development, spawning, growth, and occurrence of the silver mullet (Mugil curema) along the South Atlantic Coast of the United States. Fish. Bull. 57 (119): 397- 415.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, W. W., 1958. Larval development, growth and spawning of striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) along the south Atlantic Coast of the United States. Fish. Bull. 58: 501–519.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bensam, P., 1987. Eggs and early larvae of the gray mullet Valamugil seheli (Forsskal). Indian J. Fish. 34 (2): 171–177.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boglione, C., B. Bertolini, M. Russiello & S. Cataudella, 1992. Embryonic and larval development of the thick-lipped mullet (Chelon labrosus) under controlled reproduction conditions. Aquaculture 101: 349–359.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cambray, J. A. & A. H. Bok., 1989. Early development of artificially spawned southern mullet, Liza richardsonii (Smith, 1846). S. Afr. J. Zool. 24 (3): 193–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Demir, N., 1971. On the occurrence of grey mullet postlarvae off Plymouth. J. mar. biol. Assoc. U.K. 51: 235–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Houde, E. D. Berkeley, S. A., Klinovsky, J. J. & Schekter, R. C., 1976. Culture of larvae of the white mullet, Mugil curema Valenciennes. Aquaculture 8: 365–370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hussain, N. & M. Huiguchi, 1980. Larval rearing and development of the brown spotted grouper, Epinephelus tauvina (Forskal). Aquaculture 19: 339–350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hussain, N. S. Akatsu & C. EL-Zahr, 1981. Spawning, egg and early larval development, and growth of Acanthopagrus cuvieri (Sparidae). Aquaculture 22: 125–136.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • James, C. M., P. Dias & A. Salman, 1987. The use of marine yeast (Candida sp.) and bakers' yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in combination with Chlorella sp. for mass culture of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. Hydrobiologia 147: 263–268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • James, P. S. B. R., V. S. Rengaswami, A. Raju, G. Mohanraj & V. Gandhi. 1983. Induced spawning of gray mullet, Liza macrolepis. Indian J. Fish. 30 (2): 185–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • James, C. M., T. Abu-Rezeq, P. Dias & A. Salman, 1986. Production dynamics and nutritional quality of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis under different feed regimes K.I. S. R. 2183, Kuwait Institute For Scientific Research, Kuwait: 30 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuo, C.-M., Z. H. Shehadeh and K. K. Milisen, 1973. A preliminary report on the development, growth and survival of laboratory reared larvae of the gray mullet, Mugil cephalus L. J. Fish Biol. 5: 459–470.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leis, J.M.& T. Trnski. 1989. The larvae of Indo-Pacific Shorefishes. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu: 371 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nash, C. E. & Z. H. Shehadeh, 1980. Review of breeding and propagation techniques for gray mullet, Mugil cephalus L. International Center For Living Aquatic Resources Management, Manila, Philippines: 87 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nash, C. E., C.-M. Kuo & S. C. McConnel, 1974. Operational procedures for rearing larvae of the gray mullet (Mugil cephalus L.). Aquaculture 3: 15–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olivar, M.-P. & J.-M. Fortuno, 1991. Guide to Ichthyoplankton of the Southern Atlantic (Benguela Current Region). Sci. Mar. 55(1): 1–383.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sylvester, J. R. & C. E. Nash. 1975. Thermal tolerance of eggs and larvae of Hawaiian striped mullet, Mugil cephalus L. Trans. am. Fish. Soc.104(1): 144–147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomson, 1966. The grey mullets. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. annu. Rev. 4: 301–335.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, J., 1988. Seasonal and spatial differences in the fish assemblage of the non-estuarine Sulaibikhat Bay, Kuwait. Mar. Biol. 100: 13–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, J. M., 1991. Annual differences in the fish assemblage of the non-estuarine Sulaibikhat Bay, Kuwait. In Elliott, M. & J.P. Ducrotoy (eds), Estuaries-and-coasts: Spatial-and-temporal Intercomparisons. Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association, London: 285–288.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoshimatsu, T., S. Matsui & C. Kitajima, 1992. Early development of laboratory-reared redlip mullet, Liza haematocheila. Aquaculture 105: 379–390.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshimatsu, T. S. Matsui & C. Kitajima, 1993. Early development of laboratory-reared keelback mullet. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59 (5): 765–776.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhutenev, A. N., D. S. Kalinich & Y. I. Abayev, 1976. Embryonic and larval development of the leaping Gray mullet, Mugil saliens. J. Ichthyol., 16 (1): 63–67.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mariculture and Fisheries Department, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 1638 Salmiya, 22017, Kuwait.

    W.A. Ismail, K. Al-Abdul-Elah & F. Al-Yamani

Authors
  1. W.A. Ismail
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. K. Al-Abdul-Elah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. F. Al-Yamani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ismail, W., Al-Abdul-Elah, K. & Al-Yamani, F. Larval development of the back keeled mullet Liza carinata. Hydrobiologia 385, 87–105 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003438605285

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003438605285

Search

Navigation