Abstract
Current understanding of dynamic fracture mechanisms and the methods of modeling are reviewed critically. Experimental methods used in dynamic fracture investigations and key experimental observations are reviewed. This is followed by a critical review of the dynamic fracture models. Mechanistic and phenomenological models as well as discrete and continuum models and their ability to reproduce experimental results are discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdel-Latif, A.I.A., Bradt, R.C. and Tressler, R.E. (1977). Dynamics of fracture mirror boundary formation in glass. International Journal of Fracture 13, 349–359.
Abraham, F.F., Brodbeck, D., Rafey, R.A. and Rudge, W.E. (1994). Instability dynamics of fracture: A computer simulation investigation. Physical Review Letters 73, 272.
Abraham, F.F., Brodbeck, D., Ridge, W.E. and Xu, X. (1997). A molecular dynamics investigation of rapid fracture mechanics. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 45, 1595–1619.
Anthony, S.R., Chubb, J.P. and Congleton, J. (1970). The crack branching velocity. Philosophical Magazine 22, 1201–126.
Arakawa, K. and Takahashi, K. (1987). Dependence of crack acceleration of the dynamic stress intensity factor in polymers. Experimental Mechanics 27, 195–200.
Arakawa, K. and Takahashi, K. (1991). Relationship between fracture parameters and surface roughness of brittle polymers. International Journal of Fracture 48, 103–114.
Bowden, F.P., Brunton, J.H., Field, J.E. and Hayes, A.D. (1967). Controlled fracture of brittle solids and interruption of electric current. Nature 216, 38–42.
Broberg, K.B. (1984). What happens at fast crack growth? in Fundamentals of Deformation and Fracture (Edited by Bilby et al.), 233–242.
Carlsson, J., Dahlberg, L. and Nilsson, F. (1973). Experimental studies of the unstable phase of crack propagation in metals and polymers. Dynamic Crack Propagation (Edited by G.C. Sih), Noordhoff International Publishing, Leyden, 165–181.
Congleton, J. and Petch, N.J. (1967). Crack-branching. Philosophical Magazine 16, 749–760.
Cotterell, B. (1965). Velocity effects in fracture propagation. Applied Materials Research 4, 227–232.
Cotterell, B. (1968). Fracture propagation in organic glasses. International Journal of Fracture Mechanics 4, 209.
Curran, D.R., Shockey, D.A. and Seaman, L. (1973). Dynamic fracture criteria for a polycarbonate. Journal of Applied Physics 44, 4025.
Dally, J.W. (1979). Dynamic photoelastic studies of fracture. Experimental Mechanics 19, 349–361.
Dally, J.W., Fourney, W.L. and Irwin, G.R. (1985). On the uniqueness of the stress intensity factor-crack velocity relationship. International Journal of Fracture 27, 159–168.
Dulaney, E.N. and Brace, W.F. (1960). Velocity behavior of a growing crack. Journal of Applied Physics 31, 2233–2236.
Field, J.E. (1970). Brittle fracture: its study and application. Contemporary Physics 12, 1–31.
Fineberg, J., Gross, S.P., Marder, M. and Swinney, H.L. (1991). Instability in dynamic fracture. Physical Review Letters 67, 457.
Fineberg, J., Gross, S.P., Marder, M. and Swinney, H.L. (1992). Instability in the propagation of fast cracks. Physical Review B45, 5146–5154.
Freund, L.B. (1990). Dynamic Fracture Mechanics, Cambridge University Press.
Gao, H. (1996). A theory of local limiting speed in dynamic fracture. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 44, 1453–1474.
Hopkinson, J. (1901). Orginal Papers, Cambridge University Press, 310–320.
Hull, D. (1997a). Influence of stress intensity and crack speed on fracture surface topography: Mirror to mist transition. Journal of Materials Science 31, 1829–1841.
Hull, D. (1977b). Influence of stress intensity and crack speed on fracture surface topography: Mirror to mist to macroscopic bifurcation. Journal of Materials Science 31, 4483–4492.
Irwin, G.R., Dally, J.W., Kobayashi, T., Fourney, W.L., Etheridge, M.J. and Rossmanith, H.P. (1979). On the determination of the a -K relationship for birefringent polymers. Experimental Mechanics 19, 121–128.
Johnson, E. (1992). Process region changes for rapidly propagating cracks. International Journal of Fracture 55, 47–63.
Johnson, J.W. and Holloway, D.G. (1966). On the shape and size of the fracture zones on glass fracture surfaces. Philosophical Magazine 14, 731–743.
Kalthoff, J.F. (1985). On the measurement of dynamic fracture toughnesses - a review of recent work. International Journal of Fracture 27, 277–298.
Kalthoff, J.F., Beinert, J., Winkler, S. and Klemm, W. (1980). Experimental analysis of dynamic effects in different crack arrest test specimens. ASTM STP 711 - Crack Arrest Methodology and Application, 109–127.
Kerkhof, F. (1973). Wave fractographic investigation of brittle fracture dynamics. Dynamic Crack Propagation (Edited by G.C. Sih), Noordhoff International Publishing, Leyden, 3–35.
Knauss, W.G. and Ravi-Chandar, K. (1985). Some basic problems in stress wave dominated fracture. International Journal of Fracture 27, 127–143.
Kobayashi, A.S. and Mall, S. (1978). Dynamic fracture toughness of Homalite-100. Experimental Mechanics 18, 11–18.
Kobayashi, A.S., Wade, B.G. and Bradley, W.B. (1973). Fracture dynamics of Homalite-100. Deformation and Fracture of High Polymers (Edited by H.H. Hausch et al.) Plenum Press, New York, 487–500.
Levengood, W.C. (1958). Effect of origin flaw characteristics on glass strength. Journal of Applied Physics 29, 820–826.
Ma, C.C. and Freund, L.B. (1986). The extent of the stress intensity factor field during crack growth under dynamic loading conditions. ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics 53, 303–310.
Marder, M. and Gross, S.P. (1995). Origin of crack tip instabilities. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 43, 1–48.
Mecholsky, J.J. (1994). Quantitative fractographic analysis of fracture origins in glass. Fractography of Glass (Edited by R.C. Bradt and R.E. Tressler), Plenum Press, New York, 37–73.
Nakano, A., Kalia, R.K. and Vashishta, P. (1995). Dynamics and morphology of brittle cracks: A moleculardynamics study of silicon nitride. Physical Review Letters 75, 3138–3141.
Paxson, T.L. and Lucas, R.A. (1973). An investigation of the velocity characteristics of a fixed boundary fracture model. Dynamic Crack Propagation (Edited by G.C. Sih), Noordhoff International Publishing, Leyden, 415–426.
Ravi-Chandar, K. and Knauss, W.G. (1982). Dynamic crack tip stresses under stress wave loading - a comparison of theory and experiment. International Journal of Fracture 25, 209–222.
Ravi-Chandar, K. and Knauss, W.G. (1984a). An experimental investigation into dynamic fracture - I. Crack initiation and crack arrest. International Journal of Fracture 25, 247–262.
Ravi-Chandar, K. and Knauss, W.G. (1984b). An experimental investigation into dynamic fracture - II. Microstructural aspects. International Journal of Fracture 26, 65–80.
Ravi-Chandar, K. and Knauss, W.G. (1984c). An experimental investigation into dynamic fracture - III. Steady state crack propagation and crack branching. International Journal of Fracture 26, 141–154.
Ravi-Chandar, K. and Knauss, W.G. (1984d). An experimental investigation into dynamic fracture - IV. On the interaction of stress waves with propagating cracks. International Journal of Fracture 26, 189–200.
Ravi-Chandar, K. and Knauss, W.G. (1987). On the characterization of the transient stress field near the tip of a crack. Journal of Applied Mechanics 54, 72–78.
Ravi-Chandar, K. and Yang, B. (1997). On the role of microcracks in the dynamic fracture of brittle materials. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 45, 535–563.
Ravichandran, G. and Clifton, R.J. (1989). Dynamic fracture under plane wave loading. International Journal of Fracture 40, 157–201.
Richter, H.G. and Kerkhof, F. (1994). Stress wave fractography. Fractography of Glass (Edited by R.C. Bradt and R.E. Tressler), Plenum Press, New York, 75–109.
Rosakis, A.J. (1980). Analysis of the optical method of caustics for dynamic crack propagation. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 13, 331–347.
Rosakis, A.J. and Zehnder, A.T. (1985). On the dynamic fracture of structural metals. International Journal of Fracture 169–186.
Schardin, H. (1959). Velocity effects in fracture. Fracture (Edited by Averbach et al.), John Wiley, 297–330.
Schardin, H. and Struth, W. (1938). Hochfrequenzkinematographische untersuchung der bruchvorgänge in glas. Glastechnische Berichte 16, 219.
Shand, E.B. (1959). Breaking stress of glass determined from dimensions of fracture mirrors. Journal of the Americal Ceramic Society 42, 474–477.
Slepyan, L.I. (1993). Principle of maximum energy dissipation rate in crack dynamics. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 41, 1019–1033.
Smekal (1953). Zum Bruchvorgang bei sprodem Stoffverhalten unter ein-and mehrachsigen Beanspruchungen. Osterr. Ing. Arch 7, 49–70.
Stalder, B., Beguelin, P. and Kausch, H.H. (1983). A simple velocity gauge for measuring crack growth. International Journal of Fracture 22, R47–R54.
Wallner, H. (1938). Linienstrukturen an bruchflächen. Z. Physik 114, 368–370.
Wells, A.A. and Post, D. (1958). The dynamic stress distribution surrounding a running crack - A photoelastic analysis. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Stress Analysis 16, 69–93.
Yang, B. and Ravi-Chandar, K. (1996). On the role of the process zone in dynamic fracture. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 44, 1955–1976.
Yoffe, E. (1951). The moving Griffith crack. Philosophical Magazine 42, 739–750.
Xu, X.-P. and Needleman, A. (1994). Numerical simulations of fast crack growth in brittle solids. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 42, 1397–1434.
Zhurkov, S.N. (1965). Kinetic concept of strength of solids. International Journal of Fracture 1, 311–323.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ravi-Chandar, K. Dynamic Fracture of Nominally Brittle Materials. International Journal of Fracture 90, 83–102 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007432017290
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007432017290