Abstract
The optical properties of thin films containing Mössbauer isotopes undergo dramatic changes in the vicinity of a nuclear resonance. Remarkable phenomena are observed in the energetic and temporal response of X-rays resonantly scattered in grazing incidence geometry. These properties allow an effective discrimination of the resonantly scattered radiation from the nonresonant electronic charge scattering. In contrast to Bragg scattering from single crystals, the reflectivity of film systems can be tailored by their design and the way of preparation. As a result, several optical elements have been developed for ultra-narrow bandpass filtering of synchrotron radiation: Grazing-Incidence Antireflection (GIAR) films, nuclear resonant multilayers and reflection gratings. Moreover, resonant scattering in grazing incidence geometry is a very attractive tool to study properties of thin films themselves. This has led to applications, e.g., in the study of surface magnetism and the determination of vibrational properties of thin films. Such investigations benefit from the outstanding brilliance of third-generation synchrotron radiation sources, extending the sensitivity of the method into the monolayer regime.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Bernstein and E.C. Campbell, Phys. Rev. 132 (1963) 1625.
F.E. Wagner, Z. Phys. 210 (1968) 361.
J.C. Frost, B.C.C. Cowie, S.N. Chapman and J.F. Marshall, Appl. Phys. Lett. 47 (1985) 581.
M.A. Andreeva, G.N. Belozerskii, S.M. Irkaev, V.G. Semedov, A.Yu. Sokolov and N.V. Shumilova, Phys. Status Solidi A 127 (1991) 455.
E. Gerdau, R. Rüffer, H. Winkler, W. Tolksdorf, C.P. Klages and J.P. Hannon, Phys. Rev. Lett. 54 (1985) 835.
J.P. Hannon, G.T. Trammell, M. Mueller, E. Gerdau, H. Winkler and R. Rüffer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43 (1979) 636.
R. Röhlsberger, this issue, section III-1.4.
M. Born and E. Wolf, Priciples of Optics, 7th ed. (Pergamon Press, New York, 1978).
A.Q.R. Baron, J. Arthur, S.L. Ruby, A.I. Chumakov, G.V. Smirnov and G.S. Brown, Phys. Rev. B 50 (1994) 10354.
J.P. Hannon, N.V. Hung, G.T. Trammell, E. Gerdau, M. Mueller, R. Rüffer and H. Winkler, Phys. Rev. B 32 (1985) 5068 and 5081.
J.P. Hannon, G.T. Trammell, M. Mueller, E. Gerdau, R. Rüffer and H. Winkler, Phys. Rev. B 32 (1985) 6363 and 6374.
J. Metge, R. Rüffer and E. Gerdau, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 292 (1990) 187.
S. Kishimoto, Rev. Sci. Inst. 63 (1992) 824.
R. Röhlsberger, Dissertation, Universität Hamburg (1994) and Internal Report, DESY, HASYLAB 94-06 (December 1994).
E. Gerdau, M. Grote and R. Röhlsberger, Hyp. Interact. 58 (1990) 2433.
R. Röhlsberger, E. Gerdau, E. Lüken, H.D. Rüter, J. Metge and O. Leupold, Z. Phys. B 92 (1993) 489.
R. Röhlsberger, O. Leupold, J. Metge, H.D. Rüter, W. Sturhahn and E. Gerdau, Hyp. Interact. 92 (1994) 1107.
R. Rüffer, H.D. Rüter and E. Gerdau, this issue, section IV-1.1.
R. Röhlsberger, E. Gerdau, M. Harsdorff, O. Leupold, E. Lüken, J. Metge, R. Rüffer, W. Sturhahn and E. Witthoff, Europhys. Lett. 18 (1992) 561.
E.E. Alp, T.M. Mooney, T. Toellner, W. Sturhahn, E. Witthoff, R. Röhlsberger, E. Gerdau, H. Homma and M. Kentjana, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 (1993) 3351.
W. Sturhahn and E. Gerdau, Phys. Rev. B 49 (1994) 9285.
A.I. Chumakov, G.V. Smirnov, M.V. Zelepukhin, U. van Bürck, E. Gerdau, R. Rüffer and H.D. Rüter, Europhys. Lett. 17 (1991) 269.
U. van Bürck, D.P. Siddons, J.B. Hastings, U. Bergmann and R. Hollatz, Phys. Rev. B 46 (1992) 6207.
A.I. Chumakov, G.V. Smirnov, S.S. Andreev, N.N. Salashenko and S.I. Shinkarev, JETP Lett. 55 (1992) 509.
R. Röhlsberger, E. Witthoff, E. Gerdau and E. Lüken, J. Appl. Phys. 74 (1993) 1933.
A.I. Chumakov, G.V. Smirnov, A.Q.R. Baron, J. Arthur, D.E. Brown, S.L. Ruby, G.S. Brown and N.N. Salashchenko, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 (1993) 2489.
T.S. Toellner, W. Sturhahn, R. Röhlsberger, E.E. Alp, C.H. Sowers and E.E. Fullerton, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 (1995) 3475.
A.I. Chumakov, D.L. Nagy, L. Niesen and E.E. Alp, this issue, section IV-1.2.
C.A. Lucas and A.P. Firth, Europhys. Lett. 14 (1991) 343.
M. Tolan, G. König, L. Brügemann, W. Press, F. Brinkop and J.P. Kotthaus, Europhys. Lett. 20 (1992) 223.
C. Kolbeck, Diploma thesis, University of Hamburg (1995).
T.S. Toellner, E.E. Alp, W. Sturhahn, T.M. Mooney, X. Zhang, M. Ando, Y. Yoda and S. Kikuta, Appl. Phys. Lett. 67 (1995) 1993.
D.P. Siddons, J.B. Hastings, U. Bergmann, F. Sette and M. Krisch, Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 103 (1995) 371.
R. Röhlsberger, E. Gerdau, R. Rüffer, W. Sturhahn, T.S. Toellner, A.I. Chumakov and E.E. Alp, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 394 (1997) 251.
R. Röhlsberger, this issue, section VII-2.
L. Niesen, M.F. Rosu, A. Mugarza, R. Coehoorn, R.M. Jungblut, F. Rooseboom, A.Q.R. Baron, A.I. Chumakov and R. Rüffer, Phys. Rev. B 58 (1998) 8590.
J. Bansmann, R. Röhlsberger, V. Senz et al., to be published.
D.L. Nagy, L. Bottyán, L. Deák and E. Szilágyi, Balkan Phys. Lett. 5 (1997) 240.
U. Gradmann, J. Korecki and G. Waller, Appl. Phys. A 39 (1986) 101.
H.J. Elmers, J. Hauschild, H. Fritzsche, G. Liu, U. Gradmann and U. Köhler, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 (1995) 2031.
H. Bethge, D. Heuer, C. Jensen, K. Reshöft and U. Köhler, Surf. Sci. 331 (1995) 878.
R. Rüffer and A.I. Chumakov, Hyp. Interact. 97/98 (1996) 589.
W. Sturhahn and A.I. Chumakov, this issue, section V-1.1.
Y. Wang, M. Bedzyk and M. Caffrey, Science 258 (1992) 775.
Y.P. Feng, S.K. Sinha, H.W. Deckman, J.B. Hastings and D.P. Siddons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 (1993) 537.
S. Lagomarsino, W. Jark, S. DiFonzo, A. Cedola, B. Mueller, P. Engström and C. Riekel, J. Appl. Phys. 79 (1996) 4471.
R. Röhlsberger, W. Sturhahn, T.S. Toellner, K.W. Quast, P. Hession, M. Hu, J. Sutter and E.E. Alp, J. Appl. Phys. 86 (1999) 584.
R. Röhlsberger, W. Sturhahn, T.S. Toellner, K.W. Quast, E.E. Alp, A. Bernhard, J. Metge, R. Rüffer and E. Burkel, Physica B 263-264 (1999) 581.
W. Sturhahn, R. Röhlsberger, E.E. Alp, T. Ruckert, H. Schrör and W. Keune, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 198-199 (1999) 590.
W. Keune and W. Sturhahn, this issue, section V-1.5.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Röhlsberger, R. Nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation from thin films. Hyperfine Interactions 123, 455–479 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017075907804
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017075907804