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Environmental and Social Accounting for Brazil

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Abstract

An environmentally extendedSocial Accounting Matrix (SAM) has beenconstructed for Brazil for the first time. Wereview in detail previous studies in thisfield, describe the construction, structure anddata sources of the Brazilian SAM, anddemonstrate the effect of system closure.Examining a range of type-I and type-IImultipliers, we show that incomes generated byfinal consumption are highly skewed towardsrich households, but energy requirements andcarbon emissions are higher for the consumptionof the poor. A significant negative correlationexists between employment and income on onehand, and energy requirements and carbonemissions on the other, while a significantpositive correlation exists between imports,and energy and carbon. These correlationsdemonstrate that there is scope for policiesthat pursue imports substitution and reduceenergy consumption and carbon emissions whilstincreasing employment and income.

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  1. School of Physics, A28, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia

    Manfred Lenzen

  2. Programa de Planejamento Energético, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Sala C-211, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, 21945-970, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Roberto Schaeffer

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Lenzen, M., Schaeffer, R. Environmental and Social Accounting for Brazil. Environmental and Resource Economics 27, 201–226 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EARE.0000017281.24020.49

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