Simulation of brittle and ductile fracture in an impact loaded prenotched plate

Abstract

We analyze the initiation and propagation of a crack from a point on the surface of a circular notch-tip in an impact loaded prenotched plate. The material of the plate is assumed to exhibit strain hardening, strain-rate hardening, and softening due to the rise in temperature and porosity. The degradation of material parameters due to the evolution of damage in the form of porosity is considered. Brittle failure is assumed to initiate when the maximum tensile principal stress at a point reaches a critical level. Ductile failure is assumed to ensue when the effective plastic strain reaches a critical value. A crack initiating from the node where a failure first occurs is taken to propagate to the adjacent node that has the highest value of the failure parameter (the maximum tensile principal stress or the effective plastic strain). The opening and propagation of a crack are modeled by the node release technique. Surface tractions and the normal component of the heat flux are taken to be null on the newly created crack surfaces. For the brittle failure, the stress field around the crack tip resembles that in mode-I deformations of a prenotched plate loaded in tension. The distribution of the effective plastic strain in a small region around the surface of the notch-tip is not affected much by the initiation of a ductile fracture there except for a shift in the location of the point where the effective plastic strain is maximum. The initiation of the ductile failure is delayed when a crack is opened at the point where the brittle failure ensues.