Abstract
This paper presents a Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO) to solve the Unit Commitment (UC) problem. Problem formulation of the unit commitment takes into consideration the minimum up and down time constraints, start up cost and spinning reserve, which is defined as the minimization of the total objective function while satisfying all the associated constraints. Problem formulation, representation and the simulation results for a 10 generator-scheduling problem are presented. Results shown are acceptable at this early stage.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Burns, R.M. and C.A. Gibson. (1975). "Optimization of Priority Lists for AUnit Commitment Program." IEEE/PES 1975 Summer Meeting, Paper A 75 453–1.
Cheng, C.-P., C.-W. Liu, and C.-C. Liu. (2000). "Unit Commitment by Lagrangian Relaxation and Genetic Algorithms." IEEE Trans. on Power Systems1(2).
Cohen, A.I. and M. Yoshimura. (1983). "A Branch-and-Bound Algorithm for Unit Commitment." IEEE Trans. on Power SystemsPAS-102(2), 444–451.
Dasgupta, D. and D.R. McGregor. (1994). "Thermal Unit Commitment Using Genetic Algorithms," IEE Proc. C, Gener. Transm. Distrib. 141(5), 459–465.
Dillon, T.S. and K.W. Edwin. (1978). "Integer Programming Approach to The Problem of Optimal Unit Commitment with Probabilistic Reserve Determination." IEEE Trans. on Power SystemsPAS-97(6), 2154–2166
Garver, L.L. (1963). "Power Generation Scheduling by Integer Programming Development of Theory." IEEE Trans. on Power Systems102, 730–735.
Homaifar, A.S., H.Y. Lai, and X. Qi. (1994). "Constrained Optimization via Genetic Algorithms." Simulation62, 242–254.
Huang, C.L., J.S. Tzeng, P.C. Yang, and H.T. Yang. (1993). "Implementation of Genetic Algorithm for Unit Commitment." <In> 1993 Proceedings of The 14th Symposium on Electrical Power Engineering, Taiwan, R.O.C., pp. 439–446.
Kazarlis, S.A., A.G. Bakirtzis, and V. Petridis. (1996). "A Genetic Algorithm Solution to the Unit Commitment Problem." IEEE Trans. on Power Systems11(1), 83–92.
Kennedy, J. and R. Eberhart. (1995). "Particle Swarm Optimization." <In> Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Neural Networks[<nt>Online</nt>], pp. 1942–1948. <nt>Available:</nt> http://www.engr.iupui.edu/ ∼shi/Conference/psopap4.html
Lowery, P.G. (1983). "Generation Unit Commitment by Dynamic Programming." IEEE Trans. on Power Systems102, 1218–1225.
Merlin, A. and P. Sandrin. (1983). "A New Method for Unit Commitment at Electricite De France." IEEE Trans on Power Systems102, 1218–1255.
Michalewicz, Z. and N. Attia. (1994). "Evolutionary Optimization of Constrained Problems." <nt>in</nt> A.V. Sebald and L.J. Fogel <nt>(eds.)</nt>, Proc. 3rd Annu. Conf. Evolutionary Programming. River Edge, NJ: World Scientific, pp. 98–108.
Muckstadt, J.A. and R.C. Wilson. (1968). "An Application of Mixed-Integer Programming Duality to Scheduling Thermal Generating Systems." IEEE Trans. on Power Systems1968–1978.
Ouyang, Z. and S.M. Shahidehpour. (1991). "An Intelligent Dynamic Programming for Unit Commitment Application." IEEE Trans on Power Systems6(3), pp. 1203–1209.
Ouyang, Z. and S.M. Shahidehpour. (1992). "A Hybrid Artificial Neural Network/Dynamic Programming Approach to Unit Commitment." IEEE Trans. on Power Systems7(1), 236–242.
Pang, C.K. and H.C. Chen. (1976). "Optimal Short-Term Thermal Unit Commitment." IEEE Trans. on Power Systems95(4), 1336–1246.
Pang, C.K., G.B. Sheble, and F. Albuyeh. (1981). "Evaluation of Dynamic Programming Based Methods and Multiple Area Representation for Thermal Unit Commitment." IEEE Trans. on Power SystemsPAS-100(3), 1212–1218.
Powell, D. and M.M. Skolnick. (1991). "Using Genetic Algorithm in Engineering Design Optimization with Nonlinear Constraints." <In> S. Forrest <nt>(ed.)</nt>, Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Genetic Algorithms, Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, pp. 151–157.
Sasaki, H., M. Watabable, J. Kubokawa, N. Yorino, and R. Yokoyama. (1992). "A Solution Method of Unit Commitment by Artificial Neural Networks." IEEE Trans. on Power Systems7(1), 974–985.
Schoenauer, M. and S. Xanthakis. (1993). "Constrained GA Optimization." <In> Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Genetic Algorithms, Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, pp. 573–580.
Sheble, G.B. (1990). "Solution of the Unit Commitment Problem by the Method of Unit Periods." IEEE Trans. on Power Systems5(1), 257–260.
Sheble, G.B. and T.T. Maifeld. (1994). "Unit Commitment by Genetic Algorithm and Expert System." Electric Power System Research30, 115–121.
Shi, Y.H. and R.C. Eberhart. (1998). "A Modified Particle Swarm Optimizer." <In> Proceedings of the IEEE Inter-national Conference on Evolutionary Computation, Anchorage, Alaska, May 4–9.
Shi, Y.H. and R.C. Eberhart. (1999). "Empirical Study of Particle Swarm Optimization." 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Washington, DC, USA, July 6–9.
Snyder, W.L. Jr., H.D. Powell Jr., and J.C. Rayburn. (1987). "Dynamic Programming Approach to Unit Commitment." IEEE Trans. On Power Systems2, 339–350.
Su, C.C. and Y.Y. Hsu. (1991). "Fuzzy Dynamic Programming: An Application to Unit Commitment." IEEE Trans. on Power Systems6(3), 1231–1237.
Ting, T.O., M.V.C. Rao, and C.K. Loo. (submitted in 2002). "On the Superb Particle Swarm Optimization." IEEE Trans. on Evolutionary Computation (<nt>under revision</nt>).
Wood, A. and B. Wollenberg. (1996). Power Generation Operation and Control, 2nd ed., New York: Wiley.
Zhuang, F. and F.D. Galiana. (1988). "Toward a more Rigorous and Practical Unit Commitment by Lagrangian Relaxation." IEEE Trans. on Power Systems3(2), 763–772.
Zhuang, F. and F.D. Galiana. (1990). "Unit Commitment by Simulated Annealing." IEEE Trans. on Power Systems5(1), 311–317.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ting, TO., Rao, M., Loo, C. et al. Solving Unit Commitment Problem Using Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization. Journal of Heuristics 9, 507–520 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HEUR.0000012449.84567.1a
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HEUR.0000012449.84567.1a