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The Moisture and Rate-Dependent Mechanical Properties of Paper: A Review

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Abstract

Paper is a complex structure of composite biological fibers.The behavior of paper is time-dependent with respect to load, moisturecontent, or temperature, whether these control parameters are fixed orvaried in combination. A key question is whether the time-dependentproperties are a consequence of the fiber micro-structure, theinterfiber bond, the fiber distribution in a sheet, or a combination ofthese. Hypotheses for the physical mechanisms responsible forstress-strain relations observed under constant, monotonic, and cyclicloading and, especially, for the role of moisture bonding in thetime-dependent behavior are compared. The moisture accelerated creepphenomenon, due to varying ambient relative humidity, is an importanttime-dependent behavior which creates practical problems such as thewall collapse of stacked cartons in warehouses with non-constanthumidity and control of the paper-making machine. For each type ofloading and ambient control variation, after a discussion of possiblephysical mechanisms inducing the observed response, the mathematicalmodels proposed in the literature are reviewed as tools for the designof both the paper-making process and applications.

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, U.S.A.

    Henry W. Haslach Jr.

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Haslach, H.W. The Moisture and Rate-Dependent Mechanical Properties of Paper: A Review. Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials 4, 169–210 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009833415827

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