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Limited carbon storage in soil and litter of experimental forest plots under increased atmospheric CO2

Nature volume 411, pages 466–469 (2001)Cite this article

Abstract

The current rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration is thought to be mitigated in part by carbon sequestration within forest ecosystems1,2, where carbon can be stored in vegetation or soils. The storage of carbon in soils is determined by the fraction that is sequestered in persistent organic materials, such as humus. In experimental forest plots of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) exposed to high CO2 concentrations3,4, nearly half of the carbon uptake is allocated to short-lived tissues, largely foliage. These tissues fall to the ground and decompose, normally contributing only a small portion of their carbon content to refractory soil humic materials5. Such findings call into question the role of soils as long-term carbon sinks, and show the need for a better understanding of carbon cycling in forest soils. Here we report a significant accumulation of carbon in the litter layer of experimental forest plots after three years of growth at increased CO2 concentrations (565 µl l-1). But fast turnover times of organic carbon in the litter layer (of about three years) appear to constrain the potential size of this carbon sink. Given the observation that carbon accumulation in the deeper mineral soil layers was absent, we suggest that significant, long-term net carbon sequestration in forest soils is unlikely.

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Acknowledgements

We thank K. Harrison and J. Andrews for collecting pretreatment samples for covariance analysis; H. Hemric, R. Gill, M. Lavine and A. Mace for technical assistance; L. Giles for mass spectrometry analyses; and J. Clark, E. Davidson, L. Dellwo, A. Hirsch and D. Schimel for critical reviews of the manuscript. Operated in cooperation with Brookhaven National Laboratory, the Duke Forest FACE project is supported by the US Department of Energy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, 27708, North Carolina, USA

    William H. Schlesinger

  2. Biology Department and Environmental Studies Program, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, 04011, Maine, USA

    John Lichter

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  1. William H. Schlesinger
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Correspondence to William H. Schlesinger.

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Schlesinger, W., Lichter, J. Limited carbon storage in soil and litter of experimental forest plots under increased atmospheric CO2. Nature 411, 466–469 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/35078060

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