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The structure of the high-energy spin excitations in a high-transition-temperature superconductor

Nature volume 429, pages 531–534 (2004)Cite this article

Abstract

In conventional superconductors, lattice vibrations (phonons) mediate the attraction between electrons that is responsible for superconductivity1. The high transition temperatures (high-Tc) of the copper oxide superconductors has led to collective spin excitations being proposed as the mediating excitations in these materials2. The mediating excitations must be strongly coupled to the conduction electrons, have energy greater than the pairing energy, and be present at Tc. The most obvious feature in the magnetic excitations of high-Tc superconductors such as YBa2Cu3O6+x is the so-called ‘resonance’3,4,5,6. Although the resonance may be strongly coupled to the superconductivity3,4,5,6,7,8, it is unlikely to be the main cause, because it has not been found in the La2-x(Ba,Sr)xCuO4 family and is not universally present in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (ref. 9). Here we use inelastic neutron scattering to characterize possible mediating excitations at higher energies in YBa2Cu3O6.6. We observe a square-shaped continuum of excitations peaked at incommensurate positions. These excitations have energies greater than the superconducting pairing energy, are present at Tc, and have spectral weight far exceeding that of the ‘resonance’. The discovery of similar excitations in La2–xBaxCuO4 (ref. 10) suggests that they are a general property of the copper oxides, and a candidate for mediating the electron pairing.

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Figure 1: Images of the magnetic excitations in YBa2Cu3O6.6, for various temperatures, measured by neutron scattering.
Figure 2: Images of the magnetic scattering in YBa2Cu3O6.6 at T = 10 K for various excitation energies (frequencies).

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the UK EPSRC, the US NSF and the DOE.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, BS8 1TL, Bristol, UK

    S. M. Hayden

  2. Condensed Matter Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6393, USA

    H. A. Mook & Pengcheng Dai

  3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996-1200, USA

    Pengcheng Dai

  4. ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, OX11 0QX, UK

    T. G. Perring

  5. Department of Ceramic Engineering, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Missouri, 65409-0330, USA

    F. Doğan

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  1. S. M. Hayden
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Correspondence to S. M. Hayden.

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The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.

Supplementary information

Supplementary Figure 1

Simulations of scattering from two types of magnetic excitations including the effects of the experimental resolution and smoothing for E=85 meV.

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Hayden, S., Mook, H., Dai, P. et al. The structure of the high-energy spin excitations in a high-transition-temperature superconductor. Nature 429, 531–534 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02576

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