A wafer-scale graphene and ferroelectric multilayer for flexible and fast-switched modulation applications†
Abstract
Here we report a wafer-scale graphene/P(VDF-TrFE)/graphene multilayer for light-weight, flexible and fast-switched broadband modulation applications. The P(VDF-TrFE) film not only significantly reduces the sheet resistance of graphene throughout heavy doping of ∼0.8 × 1013 cm−2 by nonvolatile ferroelectric dipoles, but also acts as an efficient electro-optic (EO) layer. Such multilayered structural integration with remarkable ferroelectric polarization, high transparency (>90%), low sheet resistance (∼302 Ω □−1), and excellent mechanic flexibility shows the potential of a flexible modulation application over a broad range of wavelengths. Moreover, the derived device also exhibits strong field-induced EO modulation even under bending and one large Pockels coefficient (∼54.3 pm V−1) is obtained. Finally, the graphene and ferroelectric hybrid demonstrates a fast switching time (∼2 μs) and works well below low sheet resistance level over a long time. This work gives insights into the potential of graphene and ferroelectric hybrid structures, enabling future exploration on next-generation high-performance, flexible transparent electronics and photonics.
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