Template-free fabrication of hierarchical porous carbon by constructing carbonyl crosslinking bridges between polystyrene chains

Chong Zou; Dingcai Wu; Mingzhou Li; Qingcong Zeng; Fei Xu; Ziyi Huang; Ruowen Fu

doi:10.1039/B917960G

Template-free fabrication of hierarchical porous carbon by constructing carbonyl crosslinking bridges between polystyrene chains

Chong Zou,^a Dingcai Wu,*^ab Mingzhou Li,^a Qingcong Zeng,^a Fei Xu,^a Ziyi Huang^a and Ruowen Fu*^ab

* Corresponding authors

^a Materials Science Institute, PCFM Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R China
E-mail: wudc@mail.sysu.edu.cn, cesfrw@mail.sysu.edu.cn
Fax: +86 020-84115112
Tel: +86 020-84112759

^b DSAPM Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R China

Abstract

A simple and effective template-free method to fabricate hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) has been successfully developed by adopting linear polystyrene resin as raw material, anhydrous aluminium chloride as Friedel–Crafts catalyst, and carbon tetrachloride as crosslinker and solvent. Experimental results show that the as-constructed carbonyl (–CO–) crosslinking bridges between polystyrene chains provide simultaneously to its hierarchical porous polystyrene precursor, both a high crosslinking density and a proper amount of oxygen atoms, and thus achieve good framework carbonizability and nanostructure inheritability during carbonization. The as-prepared HPC's hierarchical porous structure exhibits interesting uniqueness: micropores (<2 nm) are from the network inside crosslinking polystyrene-based carbon nanoparticles of 10–30 nm in size, and mesopores (2–50 nm) and macropores (50–400 nm) result from the compact and loose aggregation of these network nanoparticles, respectively; and these micro-, meso- and macropores are three-dimensionally interconnected to each other. Its Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area and total pore volume are 679 m²g⁻¹ and 0.66 cm³g⁻¹, respectively.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/B917960G
Article type: Paper
Submitted: 02 Sep 2009
Accepted: 31 Oct 2009
First published: 26 Nov 2009

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J. Mater. Chem., 2010,20, 731-735

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Template-free fabrication of hierarchical porous carbon by constructing carbonyl crosslinking bridges between polystyrene chains

C. Zou, D. Wu, M. Li, Q. Zeng, F. Xu, Z. Huang and R. Fu, J. Mater. Chem., 2010, 20, 731 DOI: 10.1039/B917960G

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Journal of Materials Chemistry

Template-free fabrication of hierarchical porous carbon by constructing carbonyl crosslinking bridges between polystyrene chains

Abstract

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Template-free fabrication of hierarchical porous carbon by constructing carbonyl crosslinking bridges between polystyrene chains

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