SnO2 and TiO2-supported-SnO2 lithium battery anodes with improved electrochemical performance

Yong-Mao Lin; Rajaram K. Nagarale; Kyle C. Klavetter; Adam Heller; C. Buddie Mullins

doi:10.1039/C2JM16328D

SnO₂ and TiO₂-supported-SnO₂ lithium battery anodes with improved electrochemical performance†

Yong-Mao Lin,‡^ab Rajaram K. Nagarale,‡^b Kyle C. Klavetter,^ab Adam Heller*^b and C. Buddie Mullins*^a

* Corresponding authors

^a Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Electrochemistry, Texas Materials Institute, and Center for Nano- and Molecular Science, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C0400 Austin, TX 78712-0231, United States
E-mail: mullins@che.utexas.edu

^b Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-0231, United States
E-mail: heller@che.utexas.edu

Abstract

Li-ion battery anodes made of SnO₂ nanoparticles and a TiO₂-supported SnO₂ nanocomposite formed of equimolar amounts of the Sn and Ti oxides were investigated, respectively. By limiting the voltage window of the charge/discharge cycles to the range 50 mV–1.0 V, both the SnO₂-based anode and the SnO₂/TiO₂-based anode show improved cycling stability. Compared to the SnO₂ nanoparticle based anodes, the TiO₂-support-SnO₂ nanocomposite anodes exhibit better cyclability and higher Coulombic efficiency. During the first lithiation process, Li⁺ conducting Li_xTiO₂ is formed in the SnO₂/TiO₂ composite, which structurally/mechanically supports the electrode. The anode made of amorphous TiO₂-cassiterite SnO₂ retained a reversible capacity of ∼500 mAh g⁻¹ (based on the weight of SnO₂) or ∼320 mAh g⁻¹ (based on the weight of SnO₂/TiO₂) at 0.2 C after 100 cycles and at a rate as fast as 5 C retained a stable reversible capacity of ∼340 mAh g⁻¹ (based on the weight of SnO₂) or ∼220 mAh g⁻¹ (based on the weight of SnO₂/TiO₂).

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Article information

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C2JM16328D
Article type: Paper
Submitted: 03 Dec 2011
Accepted: 30 Mar 2012
First published: 30 Apr 2012

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J. Mater. Chem., 2012,22, 11134-11139

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SnO₂ and TiO₂-supported-SnO₂ lithium battery anodes with improved electrochemical performance

Y. Lin, R. K. Nagarale, K. C. Klavetter, A. Heller and C. B. Mullins, J. Mater. Chem., 2012, 22, 11134 DOI: 10.1039/C2JM16328D

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Journal of Materials Chemistry