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Effect of extractives on conferred and natural durability of Cupressus lusitanica heartwood

Effet des extractibles sur la durabilité naturelle du duramen de cyprès

Annals of Forest Science volume 67, page 504 (2010)Cite this article

Abstract

  • • Identification of extractives present in Cupressus lusitanica heartwood has been conducted using GC-MS analyses. The chromatogram of toluene/ethanol extracts indicated the presence of large amounts of benzaldehyde and numerous terpenic compounds such as cedrol, agathadiol, epimanool, bornyl acetate, α-cedrene and β-cedrene.

  • • The effect of these extractives on the natural durability of cypress wood was investigated on heart wood blocks exposed to pure culture of Poria placenta before or after solvent extraction. Weight losses revealed severe fungal degradations on the extracted blocks compared to unextracted ones.

  • • Efficiency of heartwood extractives as inhibitors of the growth of Poria placenta on malt/agar test confirms their contribution to cypress natural durability.

  • • Cypress blocks were treated at 240 °C for different times to reach different levels of thermodegradation to evaluate effect of heat treatment on fungal durability. Results indicate that evaporation of volatile extractives during the first few minutes of heat treatment contribute to decreased wood durability, while longer treatment times lead to the expected improvement of durability.

  • • This study suggests that the content of extractives, which may be modified during wood drying or weathering processes, could be the origin of the conflicting data described in the literature concerning cypress natural durability.

Résumé

  • • Les extractibles présents dans le duramen de Cupressus lusitanica ont été analysés par GC-MS. Le chromatogramme des extraits obtenus à l’aide d’un mélange toluène/éthanol met en évidence des quantités importantes de benzaldéhyde et de nombreux composés terpéniques comme le cédrol, l’agathadiol, l’épimanool, l’acétate de bornyl, l’α-cédrène et le β-cédrène.

  • • L’effet des extractibles sur la durabilité naturelle du cyprès a été évalué à l’aide d’essais réalisés sur des blocs préalablement extraits ou non puis exposés à Poria placenta. Les pertes de masse mettent en évidence une dégradation importante des échantillons extraits comparativement aux témoins non extraits.

  • • L’efficacité des extractibles comme inhibiteur de croissance de Poria placenta a été évaluée. Les résultats indiquent une forte inhibition du développement fongique.

  • • Des blocs de cyprès ont été traités à 240 °C pendant des temps variables pour atteindre différents niveaux de thermo-dégradation. L’évaporation des extractibles volatils durant la première phase du traitement thermique conduit à une diminution de la durabilité du bois aux agents de pourriture, alors que des traitements plus longs conduisent à l’augmentation de durabilité attendue.

  • • Cette étude suggère que la teneur en extractibles, susceptible de varier suite au séchage ou aux intempéries, peut être à l’origine des observations contradictoires rapportées dans la littérature concernant la durabilité naturelle du cyprès.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire d’Études et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois, IFR 110, Nancy Université, BP 70239, 54506, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France

    Ahmed Mohareb, Peter Sirmah, Lyne Desharnais, Stéphane Dumarçay, Mathieu Pétrissans & Philippe Gérardin

  2. Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, 21545, El-Shatby, Egypt

    Ahmed Mohareb

  3. Wood Science and Technology Department, Moi University, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret, Kenya

    Peter Sirmah

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  1. Ahmed Mohareb
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  2. Peter Sirmah
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  3. Lyne Desharnais
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  4. Stéphane Dumarçay
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  5. Mathieu Pétrissans
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  6. Philippe Gérardin
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Correspondence to Philippe Gérardin.

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Mohareb, A., Sirmah, P., Desharnais, L. et al. Effect of extractives on conferred and natural durability of Cupressus lusitanica heartwood. Ann. For. Sci. 67, 504 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1051/forest/2010006

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Annals of Forest Science

ISSN: 1297-966X