The Theory of Culture-specific Total Quality Management

Frontmatter

1. Introduction

Abstract

This book describes a study which examines the relationship between national culture and total quality management (TQM). A special reference to Chinese culture is made so as to identify the characteristics of a ‘Chinese-style TQM’ model. In this introductory chapter, it is argued that a ‘culture-specific TQM’ exists in contrast to the universalistic approach to TQM. The theoretical background for this argument is thus firstly presented. Then the objectives of the study are discussed. Finally, the methodology used in the study and the organization of the remaining chapters are outlined.

Carlos Noronha

2. Quality and TQM

Abstract

In this chapter, three major areas of interest are covered. Firstly, the concept of quality and the definition of TQM are discussed leading to a suggested framework for TQM. Secondly, ISO 9000 certification as a TQM implementation issue is presented. Finally, the impact of TQM on firm performance is reviewed. The chapter aims to serve as a comprehensive literature review of quality and TQM for the reader.

Carlos Noronha

3. Value, Culture, and Chinese Cultural Values

Abstract

In this chapter, culture as the second major ingredient of the present empirical research is reviewed. Representative definitions of values and culture are given and discussed. Then, the particularities of Chinese cultural values are presented.

Carlos Noronha

4. The Theory of Culture-specific TQM

Abstract

In this chapter, drawing from the discussions on TQM and Chinese cultural values in Chapters 2 and 3, some likely relationships between them are postulated. Then, relevant studies involving the constructs of TQM and Chinese culture are critically reviewed. Gathering all these on the premise of the emic-etic analysis as presented in Chapter 1, a framework for the culture-specific TQM by extending Anderson et al.’s (1994) TQM theorization is developed for further operationalization.

Carlos Noronha

5. Research Methodology

Abstract

In this chapter, the samples and data gathering method are firstly identified and explained. Then, the origin and structure of the two research instruments employed in this empirical study are introduced. Finally, a structural equation model is devised to operationalize the culture-specific TQM as proposed in Chapter 4.

Carlos Noronha

6. Data Analysis and Results

Abstract

In this chapter, the profiles of the sampled companies are firstly introduced. Exploratory as well as confirmatory factor analyses are then conducted on the TQM and CCV surveys in order to uncover the underlying factors of quality climate, quality processes, quality methods, quality results, and Chinese cultural values. Finally, alternative models as suggested in Chapters 4 and 5 are postulated to test the proposed four-proposition framework so as to generate the culture-specific TQM model.

Carlos Noronha

7. Case Studies

Abstract

In this chapter, three case studies of ISO 9000 certified companies operating in mainland China and Hong Kong are presented. Through their success stories, some salient features of how they manage quality in the Chinese way are highlighted. Relating these characteristics back to the theoretical elements as empirically tested in the culture-specific TQM model, a schematic framework describing the influence of Chinese cultural values on TQM activities is proposed.

Carlos Noronha

8. Summary and Conclusion

Abstract

This chapter closes the present study with some further thoughts. The general orientation of the study is firstly restated, followed by a brief summary of the findings. Then the weaknesses and implications of the study are mentioned. Finally, some recommendations for further research are given.

Carlos Noronha

Backmatter