Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-75dct Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-14T06:04:24.124Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of natural enemies on the spread of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) by Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

I.N. Smyrnioudis ,
R. Harrington ,
S.J. Clark  and
N. Katis
I.N. Smyrnioudis
Affiliation:
Plant and Invertebrate Ecology DivisionIACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, UK Aristotle University, Faculty of Agriculture, 540 06 Thessaloniki, Greece
R. Harrington*
Affiliation:
Plant and Invertebrate Ecology DivisionIACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, UK
S.J. Clark
Affiliation:
Biomathematics Unit, IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, UK
N. Katis
Affiliation:
Aristotle University, Faculty of Agriculture, 540 06 Thessaloniki, Greece
*
*Fax: +44 1582 760981 E-mail: richard.harrington@bbsrc.ac.uk
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The effects of two natural aphid enemies, adult Coccinella septempunctataLinneaus, a predator, and Aphidius rhopalosiphi de Stefani Perez, a parasitoid, on spread of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) transmitted by the bird cherry–oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) were studied under laboratory conditions. Predators or parasitoids were introduced to trays of durum wheat seedlings and the patterns of virus infection were observed after two, seven and 14 days of exposure. More plants were infected with BYDV in control trays without A. rhopalosiphithan in trays with the parasitoid present, both seven and 14 days after the introduction of parasitoids. Patterns of virus infection were found to be similar over time in trays with a parasitoid present and in control trays. More plants were infected in trays with C. septempunctata present than in control trays, both two and seven days after the introduction of the coccinellid. The spread of virus infections progressed differently over time for the two treatments (predator and parasitoid), differences between treatments being most marked after two days and seven days, when more plants exposed to predators but fewer exposed to parasitoids were infected with BYDV compared to their respective controls. However, by the 14th day 88% of all plants were infected and there was no significant difference between the two treatments. The role of natural enemies in spread of BYDV is discussed.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 91 , Issue 4 , August 2001 , pp. 301 - 306
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, M.J., Antoniw, J.F., Barker, H., Jones, A.T., Murant, A.F. & Robinson, D. (1998) Descriptions of plant viruses on CD-ROM. Association of Applied Biologists, Wellesbourne, Warwick, UK.Google Scholar
Austin, A.B.M., Tatchell, G.M., Harrington, R. & Bale, J.S. (1991) A method for rearing cereal aphids in a small space. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 61, 91–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blackman, R.L., Eastop, V.F. & Brown, P.A. (1990) The biology and taxonomy of the aphids transmitting barley yellow dwarf virus, pp. 197–214 in Burnett, P.A. (Ed.) World perspectives on barley yellow dwarf. CIMMYT, Mexico, D.F. Mexico.Google Scholar
Carter, N. & Harrington, R. (1991) Factors influencing aphid population dynamics and behavior and the consequences for virus spread, pp. 19–43 in Harris, F. (Ed.) Advances in disease vector research, Vol. 7. New York, Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christiansen-Weniger, P., Powell, G. & Hardie, J. (1998) Plant virus and parasitoid interactions in a shared insect vector/host. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 86, 205–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dixon, A.F.G. (1958) Escape responses shown by certain aphids to presence of Adalia decempunctata (L.). Transactions of the Royal Society London 110, 319–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, C.A., Sunderland, K.D. & George, K.S. (1979) Studies on polyphagous predators of cereal aphids. Journal of Applied Ecology 16, 811–823.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frazer, B.D. & Gilbert, N. (1976) Coccinellids and aphids: a qualitative study of the impact of adult ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) preying on field populations of pea aphids. Journal of Entomological Society of British Columbia 73, 33–56.Google Scholar
Gonzales, W.L., Fuentes-Contreras, E. & Niemeyer, H.M. (1999) Semiochemicals associated to spacing behaviour of the bird cherry–oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Hem., Aphididae) do not affect the olfactometric behaviour of the cereal aphid parasitoid Aphidius rhopalosiphi De Stephani-Perez (Hym., Braconidae). Journal of Applied Entomology 123, 413–415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gould, F.W. & Shaw, R.B. (1983) Grass systematics. Texas, College Station, Texas A&M University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Höller, C. (1991) Movement away from the feeding site in parasitized aphids: host suicide or an attempt by the parasitoid to escape hyperparasitism? pp. 45–49 in Polgar, L., Chambers, R.J., Dixon, A.F.G. & Hodek, I. (Eds) Behaviour and impact of Aphidophaga. The Hague, The Netherlands, Academic Press.Google Scholar
Irwin, M.E. & Thresh, J.M. (1990) Epidemiology of barley yellow dwarf: a study in ecological complexity. Annual Review of Phytopathology 28, 393–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, D.W., Harrington, R., Taylor, M.S. & Burgess, A.J. (1998) The influence of aphid natural enemies on the spread of barley yellow dwarf virus. IOBC wprs Bulletin 21, 63–68.Google Scholar
Jones, M.G. (1972) Cereal aphids, their parasites and predators caught in cages over oat and winter wheat crops. Annals of Applied Biology 72, 13–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Korie, S., Clark, S.J., Perry, J.N., Mugglestone, M.A., Bartlett, P.W., Marshall, E.J.P. & Mann, J.A. (1998) Analyzing maps of dispersal around a single focus. Environmental and Ecological Statistics 5, 317–344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mackauer, M. & Chow, F.J. (1986) Parasites and parasite impact on aphid populations pp. 95– 118 in McLean, G.D., Garrett, R.G. & Ruesink, W.G. (Eds) Plant virus epidemics: monitoring, modeling, and predicting outbreaks. Orlando, Florida, Academic.Google Scholar
McAllister, M.K. & Roitberg, B.D. (1987) Adaptive suicidal behaviour in pea aphids. Nature 328, 797–799..CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLean, I.F.G. (1980) Ecology of the natural enemies of cereal aphids. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.Google Scholar
Niku, B. (1972) Effects of predators on dispersion of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 70, 359–364.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ossiannilsson, F. (1966) Insects in the epidemiology of plant viruses. Annual Review of Entomology 11, 213–232..CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perry, J.N. (1998) Measures of spatial pattern for counts. Ecology 79, 1008–1017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perry, J.N., Winder, L., Holland, J.M. & Alston, R.D. (1999) Red-blue plots for detecting clusters in count data. Ecology Letters 2, 106–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rautapää, J. (1972) The importance of Coccinella septempunctata L. (Col., Coccinellidae) in controlling cereal aphids, and the effect of aphids on the yield and quality of barley. Annales Agriculturae Fenniae 11, 424–436.Google Scholar
Rautapää, J. (1975) Control of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hom. Aphididae) with Coccinella septempunctata L. (Col., Coccinellidae) in cages, and effect of late aphid infestation on barley yield. Annales Agriculturae Fenniae 14, 231–239.Google Scholar
Roitberg, B.D. (1977) Studies on the dispersal behaviour of apterous pea aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). Unpublished MSc thesis, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.Google Scholar
Stary, P. (1970) Biology of aphid parasites with respect to integrated control. The Hague, The Netherlands, Dr W. Junk.Google Scholar
Tamaki, G., Halfhill, J.E. & Hathaway, D.D. (1970) Dispersal and reduction of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) by Aphidius smithii. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 63, 973–980.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weber, C.A., Godfrey, L.D. & Mauk, P.A. (1996) Effects of parasitism by Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) on transmission of beet yellows closterovirus by bean aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae). Journal of Economic Entomology 89, 1431–1437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zadoks, J.C., Chang, T.T. & Kouzak, C.F. (1974) A decimal code for the growth stage of cereals. Weed Research 14, 415–421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar