Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-c47g7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T14:06:38.095Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Models, Fictions, and Realism: Two Packages

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2022

Abstract

Some philosophers of science—myself included—appeal to fiction as an interpretation of the practice of modeling. This raises the specter of an incompatibility with realism, since fiction making is essentially nontruth regulated. I argue that the prima facie conflict can be resolved in two ways, each involving a distinct notion of fiction and a corresponding formulation of realism. The main goal of the essay is to describe these two packages. I comment also on how to choose between them.

Type
Fictions, Models and Representation
Copyright
Copyright © The Philosophy of Science Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

For oral and written comments I am indebted to Mauricio Suarez and Martin Thomson-Jones.

References

Black, Max. 1962. “Metaphor.” Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 55:273–94.Google Scholar
Brock, Stuart. 2002. “Fictionalism about Fictional Characters.” Noûs 36 (1): 121.10.1111/1468-0068.00358CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Camp, Elisabeth. 2009. “Two Varieties of Literary Imagination: Metaphor, Fiction and Thought Experiments.” Midwest Studies in Philosophy 33:107–30.10.1111/j.1475-4975.2009.00186.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Currie, Gregory. 1990. The Nature of Fiction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511897498CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Da Costa, Newton, and French, Steven. 2003. Science and Partial Truth. New York: Oxford University Press.10.1093/019515651X.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eklund, Matti. 2007. “Fictionalism.” In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. Zalta, Edward N.. Stanford, CA: Stanford University. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/fictionalism/.Google Scholar
French, Steven, and Ladyman, James. 1999. “Reinflating the Semantic Approach.” International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 13:103–21.10.1080/02698599908573612CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frigg, Roman. 2010a. “Fiction and Scientific Representation.” In Beyond Mimesis and Nominalism: Representation in Art and Science, ed. Frigg, Roman and Hunter, Matthew, 97138. Berlin: Springer.Google Scholar
Frigg, Roman. 2010b. “Models and Fiction.” Synthese 172:251–68.10.1007/s11229-009-9505-0CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giere, Ronald. 1988. Explaining Science: A Cognitive Approach. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.10.7208/chicago/9780226292038.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giere, Ronald. 2010. “Why Scientific Models Should Not Be Regarded as Works of Fiction.” In Fictions in Science: Philosophical Essays on Modeling and Idealization, ed. Suarez, Mauricio. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Godfrey-Smith, Peter. 2006. “The Strategy of Model-Based Science.” Biology and Philosophy 21:725–40.Google Scholar
Godfrey-Smith, Peter. 2009. “Models and Fictions in Science.” Philosophical Studies 143 (1): 101–16.10.1007/s11098-008-9313-2CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kroon, Fred, and Voltolini, Alberto. 2011. “Fiction.” In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. Zalta, Edward N.. Stanford, CA: Stanford University. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/fiction/.Google Scholar
Levy, Arnon. 2011. “Game Theory, Indirect Modeling and the Origins of Morality.” Journal of Philosophy 108 (4): 171–87.10.5840/jphil2011108410CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, Arnon. n.d. “Modeling without Models.” Working paper, Department of Philosophy, Oberlin College.Google Scholar
Nowak, Martin. 2006. Evolutionary Dynamics: Exploring the Equations of Life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.10.2307/j.ctvjghw98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nowak, Martin A., Michor, Franziska, Iwasa, Yoh. 2003. “The Linear Process of Somatic Evolution.” PNAS 100:14966–69.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sainsbury, Mark. 2009. Fiction and Fictionalism. New York: Routledge.10.4324/9780203872567CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomasson, Amie. 1999. Fiction and Metaphysics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Thomson-Jones, Martin. 2007. “Missing Systems and the Face Value Practice.” Extended manuscript. http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/id/eprint/3519.Google Scholar
Thomson-Jones, Martin. 2010. “Missing Systems and the Face Value Practice.” Synthese 172:283–99.10.1007/s11229-009-9507-yCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Toon, Adam. 2010. “The Ontology of Theoretical Modelling: Models as Make-Believe.” Synthese 172:301–15.10.1007/s11229-009-9508-xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Fraassen, Bas. 1980. The Scientific Image. New York: Oxford University Press.10.1093/0198244274.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walton, Kendall. 1990. Mimesis as Make-Believe. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Walton, Kendall. 1993. “Metaphor and Prop Oriented Make-Believe.” European Journal of Philosophy 1:3957.10.1111/j.1468-0378.1993.tb00023.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weatherson, Brian. 2009. “David Lewis.” In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. Zalta, Edward N.. Stanford, CA: Stanford University. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/david-lewis/.Google Scholar
Weisberg, Michael. Forthcoming. Simulation and Similarity: Using Models to Understand the World. New York: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199933662.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar