Morphology evolution, magnetic and microwave absorption properties of nano/submicrometre iron particles obtained at different reduced temperatures

Nano/submicrometre iron particles were prepared by a hydrogen reduction method in a fluidized bed furnace using α-FeOOH nanorods as precursors. The effect of the reducing temperature (T) on the microstructure, static magnetic properties, microwave electromagnetic parameters and microwave absorption properties of the resultant iron particles was investigated. When T increases from 450 to 650 °C, the as-obtained iron particles show an obvious morphology evolution from anisotropic nanorods to isotropic submicrometre polyhedra. As a result, the saturation magnetization, the complex permittivity and the real permeability all increase, while the coercivity and the imaginary permeability decrease due to the reducing surface effect and shape anisotropy. Nanocomposites containing 30 wt% iron nanorods obtained at 450 °C show a minimal reflection loss (RL) as low as −36.8 dB at 14.1 GHz and an absorption band with RL under −10 dB from 11.6 to 17.0 GHz when the thickness is 1.5 mm, suggesting that they are promising as a strong absorption, thin and lightweight microwave absorber.