Heat transfer enhancement at evaporation and boiling of liquid on capillary-porous surfaces created by 3D printing

The paper presents the results of experiments on measuring heat transfer in laminar-wave films of R114/R21 refrigerant mixture flowing down a vertical plate (70 × 80 mm). The experiments were carried out on the saturation line at a pressure of 2 bar. To enhance heat transfer, a porous copper coating with a flat layer thickness of 400 μm and a porosity of 45% was applied to the heat-transfer surface by 3D printing. The effectiveness of the application of the technique used for the heat transfer enhancement is demonstrated: an increase in the boiling heat transfer coefficient is obtained up to three times in comparison with the reference smooth surface, as well as two-fold increase in heat transfer coefficient in the evaporation regime. Based on the obtained experimental results and analysis of the research data of other authors, the geometric structure of promising multiscale porous enhancing coating is proposed for further research.