We present two methods for efficient detection of chiral molecules based on sequences of single pulses and Raman pulse pairs. The chiral molecules are modeled by a closed-loop three-state system with different signs in one of the couplings for the two enantiomers. One method uses a sequence of three interaction steps: a single pulse, a Raman pulse, and another single pulse. The other method uses a sequence of only two interaction steps: a Raman pulse and a single pulse. The second method is simpler and faster but requires a more sophisticated Raman pulse than the first one. Both techniques allow for straightforward generalizations by replacing the single and Raman pulses with composite pulse sequences. The latter achieve very high signal contrast and far greater robustness to experimental errors than by using single pulses. We demonstrate that both constant-rotation (i.e., with phase compensation) and variable-rotation (i.e., with phase distortion) composite pulses can be used, the former being more accurate and the latter being simpler and faster.

• Received 8 June 2020
• Accepted 18 September 2020

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043235

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Published by the American Physical Society