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All-optical magnetization reversal by circularly polarized laser pulses: Experiment and multiscale modeling

K. Vahaplar, A. M. Kalashnikova, A. V. Kimel, S. Gerlach, D. Hinzke, U. Nowak, R. Chantrell, A. Tsukamoto, A. Itoh, A. Kirilyuk, and Th. Rasing
Phys. Rev. B 85, 104402 – Published 6 March 2012

Abstract

We present results of detailed experimental and theoretical studies of all-optical magnetization reversal by single circularly-polarized laser pulses in ferrimagnetic rare earth—transition metal (RE–TM) alloys GdxFe90xCo10 (20%<x<28%). Using single-shot time-resolved magneto-optical microscopy and multiscale simulations, we identified and described the unconventional path followed by the magnetization during the reversal process. This reversal does not involve precessional motion of magnetization but is governed by the longitudinal relaxation and thus has a linear character. We demonstrate that this all-optically driven linear reversal can be modeled as a result of a two-fold impact of the laser pulse on the medium. First, due to absorption of the light and ultrafast laser-induced heating, the medium is brought to a highly nonequilibrium state. Simultaneously, due to the ultrafast inverse Faraday effect the circularly polarized laser pulse acts as an effective magnetic field of the amplitude up to 20 T. We show that the polarization-dependent reversal triggered by the circularly polarized light is feasible only in a narrow range (below 10%) of laser fluences. The duration of the laser pulse required for the reversal can be varied from 40 fs up to at least 1700 fs. We also investigate experimentally the role of the ferrimagnetic properties of GdFeCo in the all-optical reversal. In particular, the optimal conditions for the all-optical reversal are achieved just below the ferrimagnetic compensation temperature, where the magnetic information can be all-optically written by a laser pulse of minimal fluence and read out within just 30 ps. We argue that this is the fastest write-read event demonstrated for magnetic recording so far.

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  • Received 15 July 2011

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.85.104402

©2012 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

K. Vahaplar1, A. M. Kalashnikova2,*, A. V. Kimel1,†, S. Gerlach3, D. Hinzke3, U. Nowak3, R. Chantrell4, A. Tsukamoto5,6, A. Itoh5, A. Kirilyuk1, and Th. Rasing1

  • 1Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
  • 2Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of RAS, Politekhnicheskaya 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
  • 3Universität Konstanz, Fachbereich Physik, Universitatssträße 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
  • 4Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
  • 5College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 7-24-1 Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
  • 6PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan

  • *kalashnikova@mail.ioffe.ru
  • a.kimel@science.ru.nl

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Issue

Vol. 85, Iss. 10 — 1 March 2012

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