Figure 1

(a) Subcycle dynamics in the ${\mathrm{N}}_2^{+}$ ion at $\Theta =50°$: populations of the field-free ionic states $X$, $A$, and $B$ in a $I=8\times {10}^{13}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{cm}}^2$, $\lambda =800\mathrm{nm}$ laser field. (b) Cross-channel in HHG associated with real excitations induced by the laser field between ionization and recombination.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 2

Measured harmonic spectra (a),(b) and ellipticity (c),(d) as a function of the molecular alignment angle $\Theta$ at $I=8\times {10}^{13}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{cm}}^2$ [(a),(c)] and $I=1\times {10}^{14}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{cm}}^2$ [(b),(d)].Reuse & Permissions

Figure 3

Calculated harmonic spectra as a function of molecular alignment angle at $I=1\times {10}^{14}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{cm}}^2$, assuming ${\varphi }_{XA}={\varphi }_{XB}=\pi$ (a) and ${\varphi }_{XA}={\varphi }_{XB}=0$ (b). Results use SF-EVA approach.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 4

Calculated ellipticities as a function of molecular alignment angle at $I=1\times {10}^{14}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{cm}}^2$, with channel $XX$ only (a), all channels and ${\varphi }_{XA}=\pi$ (b) and all channels and ${\varphi }_{XA}=0$ (c). The insets sketch the corresponding hole minus time-independent background at the instant of ionization, for molecules perpendicular to the laser field. Arrows indicate direction of electron escape. The insets show superposition of the Dyson orbitals (with equal weights), as it is directly related to our measurement [see Eq. (1)] and coincides with the definition of the hole in 10 (in the Hartree-Fock and the frozen-orbital approximation). The multielectron states augmented by the relative phase found in the experiment can also be used to calculate the hole shape following 6, 7.Reuse & Permissions