A Bloch-wave analysis shows how a signal dependent on the electron intensity at the atom sites can be used to form an incoherent image of a crystal structure. To a good approximation the image is given by a convolution of a compositionally sensitive object function with an appropriate resolution function, and as such can be predicted and interpreted intuitively. Information on a scale below the resolution limit can be interpreted by deconvolution.

• Received 28 September 1989

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.64.938