An investigation of the internal flow field for a drop at the antinode of a standing wave has been carried out. The main difference from the solid sphere case is the inclusion of the shear stress and velocity continuity conditions at the liquid–gas interface. To the leading order of calculation, the internal flow field was found to be quite weak. Also, this order being fully time dependent has a zero mean flow. At the next higher order, steady internal flows are predicted and, as in the case of a solid sphere, there is a recirculating layer consisting of closed streamlines near the surface. In the case of a liquid drop, however, the behavior of this recirculating Stokes layer is quite interesting. It is predicted that the layer ceases to have recirculation when where is the liquid viscosity, is the exterior gas-phase viscosity, and M is the dimensionless frequency parameter for the gas phase, defined by with a being the drop radius. Thorough experimental confirmation of this interesting new development needs to be conducted. Although it seems to agree with many experiments with levitated drops where no recirculating layer has been clearly observed, a new set of experiments for specifically testing this interesting development need to be carried out.
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December 1999
December 01 1999
Internal circulation in a drop in an acoustic field
Hong Zhao;
Hong Zhao
Aerospace & Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1453
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S. S. Sadhal;
S. S. Sadhal
Aerospace & Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1453
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Eugene H. Trinh
Eugene H. Trinh
NASA Headquarters, 300 E Street S.W., Washington, DC 20546
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J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 106, 3289–3295 (1999)
Article history
Received:
November 10 1998
Accepted:
July 26 1999
Citation
Hong Zhao, S. S. Sadhal, Eugene H. Trinh; Internal circulation in a drop in an acoustic field. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 December 1999; 106 (6): 3289–3295. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.428182
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