Original paper
Tourmaline as a prospecting guide for the porphyry-style deposits
Baksheev, Ivan A.; Yu Prokof'ev, Vsevolod; Zaraisky, Georgii P.; Chitalin, Andrey F.; Yapaskurt, Vasilii O.; Nikolaev, Yuri N.; Tikhomirov, Petr L.; Nagornaya, Ekaterina V.; Rogacheva, Lubov' I.; Gorelikova, Nina V.; Kononov, Oleg V.
European Journal of Mineralogy Volume 24 Number 6 (2012), p. 957 - 979
published: Nov 16, 2012
Abstract
Tourmaline-supergroup minerals are proposed as efficient indicators of porphyry-style Cu, Au and Sn deposits and therefore are considered as useful for both the prospection and exploration of these important mineral deposits. The tourmaline-supergroup minerals from the porphyry deposits exhibit some general features: (1) sector and oscillatory chemical zoning of crystals; (2) presence in several generations; (3) Fe → Al coupled substitution; (4) evolution from Fe-rich to Mg-rich varieties resulting from sulphide deposition at the late stage; (5) Li concentration ranging from a few to ∼30 ppm. On the other hand, there are distinguishing features for tourmalines from different deposits: (1) total Mg content is ∼2 apfu for tourmaline in the Cu deposits, 1-2 apfu in the Au deposits, and 0-1 apfu in Sn deposits; (2) maximum Fetot ∼3 apfu (Cu, Sn) and ∼5 apfu (Au), (3) maximum F content up to 0.1 apfu (Cu, Au) and up to 0.5 apfu (Sn); (4) Fe3+/Fetot ∼0.5-0.8 (Cu, Au) and ∼0.2 (Sn).
Keywords
tourmaline • porphyry deposits • exploration • chemical composition